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Score: 13.00 |
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| Title: Light-regulated and cell-specific expression of tomato rbcS-gusA and rice rbcS-gusA fusion genes in transgenic rice .
| | Author: Kyozuka J McElroy D Hayakawa T Xie Y Wu R Shimamoto K | | Journal: Plant Physiol .
Citation: V : 102 ( 3 ) P : 991-1000 Year: 1993 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub8278540 Accession (PMID): 8278540 | | Abstract: A previously isolated rice ( Oryza sativa ) rbcS gene was further characterized .
This analysis revealed specific sequences in the 5 regulatory region of the rice rbcS gene that are conserved in rbcS genes of other monocotyledonous species .
In transgenic rice plants , we examined the expression of the beta-glucuronidase ( gusA ) reporter gene directed by the 2 . 8-kb promoter region of the rice rbcS gene .
To examine differences in the regulation of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous rbcS promoters , the activity of a tomato rbcS promoter was also investigated in transgenic rice plants .
Our results indicated that both rice and tomato rbcS promoters confer mesophyll-specific expression of the gusA reporter gene in transgenic rice plants and that this expression is induced by light .
However , the expression level of the rice rbcS-gusA gene was higher than that of the tomato rbcS-gusA gene , suggesting the presence of quantitative differences in the activity of these particular monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous rbcS promoters in transgenic rice .
Histochemical analysis of rbcS-gusA gene expression showed that the observed light induction was only found in mesophyll cells .
Furthermore , it was demonstrated that the light regulation of rice rbcS-gusA gene expression was primarily at the level of mRNA accumulation .
We show that the rice rbcS gene promoter should be useful for expression of agronomically important genes for genetic engineering of monocotyledonous species . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 3.00 ]: However , the expression level of the rice rbcS-gusA gene was higher than that of the tomato rbcS-gusA gene , suggesting the presence of quantitative differences in the activity of these particular monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous rbcS promoters in transgenic rice .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 2.00 ]: This analysis revealed specific sequences in the 5 regulatory region of the rice rbcS gene that are conserved in rbcS genes of other monocotyledonous species .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 2.00 ]: To examine differences in the regulation of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous rbcS promoters , the activity of a tomato rbcS promoter was also investigated in transgenic rice plants .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: A previously isolated rice ( Oryza sativa ) rbcS gene was further characterized .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: In transgenic rice plants , we examined the expression of the beta-glucuronidase ( gusA ) reporter gene directed by the 2 . 8-kb promoter region of the rice rbcS gene .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Our results indicated that both rice and tomato rbcS promoters confer mesophyll-specific expression of the gusA reporter gene in transgenic rice plants and that this expression is induced by light .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Histochemical analysis of rbcS-gusA gene expression showed that the observed light induction was only found in mesophyll cells .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Furthermore , it was demonstrated that the light regulation of rice rbcS-gusA gene expression was primarily at the level of mRNA accumulation .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: We show that the rice rbcS gene promoter should be useful for expression of agronomically important genes for genetic engineering of monocotyledonous species .
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Score: 10.00 |
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| Title: Availability of Rubisco Small Subunit Up-Regulates the Transcript Levels of Large Subunit for Stoichiometric Assembly of Its Holoenzyme in Rice .
| | Author: Suzuki Y Makino A | | Journal: Plant Physiol Citation: V : P : Year: 2012 Type: Publisher | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22811433 Accession (PMID): 22811433 | | Abstract: Rubisco is composed of eight small subunits coded for by the nuclear RBCS multigene family and eight large subunits coded for by the rbcL gene in the plastome .
For synthesis of the Rubisco holoenzyme , both genes need to be expressed coordinately .
To investigate this molecular mechanism , protein synthesis of two subunits of Rubisco was characterized in transgenic rice ( Oryza sativa L ) plants with overexpression or antisense suppression of RBCS gene .
Total RBCS and rbcL mRNA levels and RBCS and RbcL synthesis simultaneously increased in RBCS-sense plants , although an increase in total RBCS mRNA level was greater .
In RBCS-antisense plants , the levels of these mRNAs and synthesis of the corresponding proteins declined to a similar extent .
The amount of RBCS synthesized was tightly correlated with rbcL mRNA level among genotypes but not associated with changes in mRNA levels of other major chloroplast-encoded photosynthetic genes .
The level of rbcL mRNA in turn was tightly correlated with the amount of RbcL synthesized , the molar ratio of RBCS synthesis to RbcL synthesis being identical irrespective of genotype .
Polysome loading of rbcL mRNA was not changed .
These results demonstrate that the availability of RBCS protein up-regulates gene expression of rbcL primarily at the transcript level in a quantitative manner for stoichiometric assembly of Rubisco holoenzyme .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 4.00 ]: Total RBCS and rbcL mRNA levels and RBCS and RbcL synthesis simultaneously increased in RBCS-sense plants , although an increase in total RBCS mRNA level was greater .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rubisco is composed of eight small subunits coded for by the nuclear RBCS multigene family and eight large subunits coded for by the rbcL gene in the plastome .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: To investigate this molecular mechanism , protein synthesis of two subunits of Rubisco was characterized in transgenic rice ( Oryza sativa L ) plants with overexpression or antisense suppression of RBCS gene .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: In RBCS-antisense plants , the levels of these mRNAs and synthesis of the corresponding proteins declined to a similar extent .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: The amount of RBCS synthesized was tightly correlated with rbcL mRNA level among genotypes but not associated with changes in mRNA levels of other major chloroplast-encoded photosynthetic genes .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: The level of rbcL mRNA in turn was tightly correlated with the amount of RbcL synthesized , the molar ratio of RBCS synthesis to RbcL synthesis being identical irrespective of genotype .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: These results demonstrate that the availability of RBCS protein up-regulates gene expression of rbcL primarily at the transcript level in a quantitative manner for stoichiometric assembly of Rubisco holoenzyme .
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Score: 8.00 |
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| Title: Developmental characteristics and aluminum resistance of root border cells in rice seedlings .
| | Author: Cai M Zhang S Xing C Wang F Ning W Lei Z | | Journal: Plant Sci Citation: V : 180 P : 702-8 Year: 2011 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21421421 Accession (PMID): 21421421 | | Abstract: The developmental characteristics of root border cells ( RBCs ) and their role in protection of root apices of rice seedling from Al toxicity were evaluated in two rice ( Oryza sativa L ) cultivars differing in Al tolerance .
Root elongation and RBCs viability were used as indicators for Al effects .
The formation of RBCs and the emergence of the root tip occurred almost simultaneously .
Treatment of the root with Al inhibited root elongation and increased Al accumulation in the root tips .
Physical removal of RBCs from root tips resulted in a more severe inhibition of root elongation and a higher Al accumulation in the root tips .
These effects were more pronounced in the Al-sensitive rice cultivar ( II You 6216 ) than that in the Al-tolerant rice cultivar ( II You 838 ) .
The relative viability of attached and detached RBCs decreased with increasing Al concentrations .
Al also induced a thicker mucilage layer surrounding attached RBCs of both cultivars , and detached RBCs did not .
Maintaining the abundant live RBCs encapsulated root tip and enhancing their mucilage secretion , appear to be important in alleviating Al toxicity and in allowing exclusion of Al from the rice root apex | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 2.00 ]: Al also induced a thicker mucilage layer surrounding attached RBCs of both cultivars , and detached RBCs did not .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The developmental characteristics of root border cells ( RBCs ) and their role in protection of root apices of rice seedling from Al toxicity were evaluated in two rice ( Oryza sativa L ) cultivars differing in Al tolerance .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Root elongation and RBCs viability were used as indicators for Al effects .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The formation of RBCs and the emergence of the root tip occurred almost simultaneously .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Physical removal of RBCs from root tips resulted in a more severe inhibition of root elongation and a higher Al accumulation in the root tips .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: The relative viability of attached and detached RBCs decreased with increasing Al concentrations .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: Maintaining the abundant live RBCs encapsulated root tip and enhancing their mucilage secretion , appear to be important in alleviating Al toxicity and in allowing exclusion of Al from the rice root apex
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Score: 8.00 |
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| Title: Effect of individual suppression of RBCS multigene family on Rubisco contents in rice leaves .
| | Author: Ogawa S Suzuki Y Yoshizawa R Kanno K Makino A | | Journal: Plant Cell Environ Citation: V : 35 P : 546-53 Year: 2012 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21951138 Accession (PMID): 21951138 | | Abstract: In higher plants , a small subunit of Rubisco is encoded for by an RBCS multigene family in the nuclear genome .
However , it is unknown how each multigene member contributes to the accumulation of Rubisco holoenzyme .
Here , four RBCS genes that are highly expressed in leaf blaedes of rice ( Oryza sativa L ) were individually suppressed by RNAi , and the effects on leaf Rubisco content were examined at seedling , vegetative and reproductive stages .
Rubisco contents in each transgenic line declined irrespective of growth stage , and the ratios of Rubisco-N to total N were 66-96% of wild-type levels .
The mRNA levels of the suppressed RBCS genes declined significantly , whereas those of the unsuppressed ones did not change drastically .
These results indicate that four RBCS genes all contribute to accumulation of Rubisco holoenzyme irrespective of growth stage and that suppression of one RBCS gene is not fully compensated by other RBCS genes .
Additionally , the mRNA levels of the large subunit of Rubisco showed a change similar to that of total RBCS mRNA level irrespective of genotype and growth stage .
These results suggest that gene expression of RBCS and RBCL is regulated in a coordinated manner at the transcript level in rice .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 3.00 ]: These results indicate that four RBCS genes all contribute to accumulation of Rubisco holoenzyme irrespective of growth stage and that suppression of one RBCS gene is not fully compensated by other RBCS genes .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: In higher plants , a small subunit of Rubisco is encoded for by an RBCS multigene family in the nuclear genome .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Here , four RBCS genes that are highly expressed in leaf blaedes of rice ( Oryza sativa L ) were individually suppressed by RNAi , and the effects on leaf Rubisco content were examined at seedling , vegetative and reproductive stages .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The mRNA levels of the suppressed RBCS genes declined significantly , whereas those of the unsuppressed ones did not change drastically .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Additionally , the mRNA levels of the large subunit of Rubisco showed a change similar to that of total RBCS mRNA level irrespective of genotype and growth stage .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: These results suggest that gene expression of RBCS and RBCL is regulated in a coordinated manner at the transcript level in rice .
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Score: 7.00 |
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| Title: The promoter of rbcS in a C3 plant ( rice ) directs organ-specific , light-dependent expression in a C4 plant ( maize ) , but does not confer bundle sheath cell-specific expression .
| | Author: Nomura M Katayama K Nishimura A Ishida Y Ohta S Komari T Miyao-Tokutomi M Tajima S Matsuoka M | | Journal: Plant Mol . Biol . Citation: V : 44 ( 1 ) P : 99-106 Year: 2000 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11094984 Accession (PMID): 11094984 | | Abstract: The small subunit of ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase ( Rubisco ) , encoded by rbcS , is essential for photosynthesis in both C3 and C4 plants , even though the cell specificity of rbcS expression is different between C3 and C4 plants .
The C3 rbcS is specifically expressed in mesophyll cells , while the C4 rbcS is expressed in bundle sheath cells , and not mesophyll cells .
Two chimeric genes were constructed consisting of the structural gene encoding beta-glucuronidase ( GUS ) controlled by the two promoters from maize ( C4 ) and rice ( C3 ) rbcS genes .
These constructs were introduced into a C4 plant , maize .
Both chimeric genes were specifically expressed in photosynthetic organs , such as leaf blade , but not in non-photosynthetic organs .
The expressions of the genes were also regulated by light .
However , the rice promoter drove the GUS activity mainly in mesophyll cells and relatively low in bundle sheath cells , while the maize rbcS promoter induced the activity specifically in bundle sheath cells .
These results suggest that the rice promoter contains some cis-acting elements responding in an organ-specific and light-inducible regulation manner in maize but does not contain element ( s ) for bundle sheath cell-specific expression , while the maize promoter does contain such element ( s ) .
Based on this result , we discuss the similarities and differences between the rice ( C3 ) and maize ( C4 ) rbcS promoter in terms of the evolution of the C4 photosynthetic gene . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 2.00 ]: The small subunit of ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase ( Rubisco ) , encoded by rbcS , is essential for photosynthesis in both C3 and C4 plants , even though the cell specificity of rbcS expression is different between C3 and C4 plants .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 2.00 ]: The C3 rbcS is specifically expressed in mesophyll cells , while the C4 rbcS is expressed in bundle sheath cells , and not mesophyll cells .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Two chimeric genes were constructed consisting of the structural gene encoding beta-glucuronidase ( GUS ) controlled by the two promoters from maize ( C4 ) and rice ( C3 ) rbcS genes .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: However , the rice promoter drove the GUS activity mainly in mesophyll cells and relatively low in bundle sheath cells , while the maize rbcS promoter induced the activity specifically in bundle sheath cells .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: Based on this result , we discuss the similarities and differences between the rice ( C3 ) and maize ( C4 ) rbcS promoter in terms of the evolution of the C4 photosynthetic gene .
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Score: 7.00 |
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| Title: Isolation and characterization of a green it issue-specific promoter from pigeonpea [ Cajanus cajan ( L ) Millsp . ] .
| | Author: Panguluri SK Sridhar J Jagadish B Sharma PC Kumar PA .
| | Journal: Indian J Exp . Biol . Citation: V : 43 ( 4 ) P : 369-72 Year: 2005 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15875723 Accession (PMID): 15875723 | | Abstract: Expression of rbcS genes encoding small subunit of rubisco , most abundant protein in green it issue , is regulated by at least three parameters--tissue type , light conditions and stage of development .
One of the green it issue-specific promoters of rbcS gene family was isolated from pigeonpea by PCR .
Expression of uidA gene encoding beta-glucuronidase in the transgenic tobacco plants under the control of pigeonpea rbcS promoter , clearly showed that this promoter was as strong as pea rbcS3A promoter characterized earlier .
Study of the sequence similarity with pea rbcS3A promoter , especially the region ( boxes I and III ) that is required for rbcS3A expression , showed more than 50% divergence .
In contrast , pigeonpea promoter sequence isolated in the present study was more similar to that of spinach and rice rbcS promoters .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 2.00 ]: Expression of uidA gene encoding beta-glucuronidase in the transgenic tobacco plants under the control of pigeonpea rbcS promoter , clearly showed that this promoter was as strong as pea rbcS3A promoter characterized earlier .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 2.00 ]: Study of the sequence similarity with pea rbcS3A promoter , especially the region ( boxes I and III ) that is required for rbcS3A expression , showed more than 50% divergence .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Expression of rbcS genes encoding small subunit of rubisco , most abundant protein in green it issue , is regulated by at least three parameters--tissue type , light conditions and stage of development .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: One of the green it issue-specific promoters of rbcS gene family was isolated from pigeonpea by PCR .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: In contrast , pigeonpea promoter sequence isolated in the present study was more similar to that of spinach and rice rbcS promoters .
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Score: 7.00 |
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| Title: Increased Rubisco Content in Transgenic Rice Transformed with the Sense rbcS Gene .
| | Author: Suzuki Y Ohkubo M Hatakeyama H Ohashi K Yoshizawa R Kojima S Hayakawa T Yamaya T Mae T Makino A | | Journal: Plant Cell Physiol .
Citation: V : 48 ( 4 ) P : 626-37 Year: 2007 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17379698 Accession (PMID): 17379698 | | Abstract: Rice ( Oryza sativa L ) plants with substantially increased Rubisco content were obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation with the rice rbcS sense gene under the control of the rice rbcS promoter .
The primary transformants were screened for the ratio of Rubisco to leaf-N content , and the transformants with >120% wild-type levels of Rubisco were selected .
In the progeny of the selected lines of the transformants , the mRNA levels of one member of the rbcS gene family were increased from 3 . 9 to 6 . 2-fold , whereas those of other members of the rbcS gene family were unchanged .
The total levels of rbcS mRNA were increased from 2 . 1 to 2 . 8-fold .
The levels of rbcL mRNA were increased from 1 . 2 to 1 . 9-fold .
Rubisco protein content was significantly increased by 30% on a leaf area basis .
The ratio of Rubisco-N to leaf-N was also increased by 10-20% , irrespective of N treatment .
The specific activity of Rubisco per unit of enzyme protein was not different .
However , light-saturated photosynthesis was not enhanced even when the rate was measured at low [ CO ( 2 ) ] where Rubisco becomes limiting for photosynthesis .
Some lines showed lower photosynthesis at high [ CO ( 2 ) ] ( >60 Pa ) .
We conclude that introduction of additional sense rbcS leads to overexpression of rbcS and that this overexpression slightly up-regulates the gene expression of rbcL at the transcript level and enhances the amount of Rubisco holoenzyme .
However , overproduction of Rubisco protein does not improve photosynthesis .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 2.00 ]: Rice ( Oryza sativa L ) plants with substantially increased Rubisco content were obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation with the rice rbcS sense gene under the control of the rice rbcS promoter .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 2.00 ]: In the progeny of the selected lines of the transformants , the mRNA levels of one member of the rbcS gene family were increased from 3 . 9 to 6 . 2-fold , whereas those of other members of the rbcS gene family were unchanged .
[ Sen. 11, subscore: 2.00 ]: We conclude that introduction of additional sense rbcS leads to overexpression of rbcS and that this overexpression slightly up-regulates the gene expression of rbcL at the transcript level and enhances the amount of Rubisco holoenzyme .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The total levels of rbcS mRNA were increased from 2 . 1 to 2 . 8-fold .
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Score: 6.00 |
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| Title: [ Specific expression of the foreign gene regulated by the rice rbcS promoter in transgenic rice ] | | Author: Liu QQ Yu HX Zhang WJ Wang HM Gu MH .
| | Journal: Zhi Wu Sheng Li Yu Fen Zi Sheng Wu Xue Xue Bao Citation: V : 31 ( 3 ) P : 247-53 Year: 2005 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15961898 Accession (PMID): 15961898 | | Abstract: To use different types of promoters in transgenic rice research , the 5-upstream regulation region of rice Rubisco small subunit gene ( rbcS ) was cloned from a Chinese cultivar Wuyunjing 8 , and its sequences were confirmed by comparison with the known genome sequences of both japonica and indica rice .
The cloned rbcS promoter was fused to the 5-upstream of GUS ( beta-glucuronidase ) coding region in a binary vector , and introduced into rice by Agrogacterium-mediated transformation .
The integration of the rbcS-GUS fusion gene in transgenic rice was confirmed by PCR analysis .
The results of both histochemical staining and quantitative analysis of GUS activity showed that the expression level of GUS fusion gene was significantly stronger in leaf blade and sheath than in other organs of transgenic rice plants , and the GUS activity was restricted to the mesophyll cells of leaf it issue , which showed that the rice rbcS promoter could control not only the it issue but also the cell-specific expression of foreign genes in transgenic rice .
The present results also demonstrated that light induction had a significant effect on the enhancement of transgenes expression when regulated by the rice rbcS promoter in transgenic rice .
Our results showed that the rice rbcS promoter might be very useful for the expression of target genes in transgenic rice , with particularly high efficiency in leaf it issues .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: To use different types of promoters in transgenic rice research , the 5-upstream regulation region of rice Rubisco small subunit gene ( rbcS ) was cloned from a Chinese cultivar Wuyunjing 8 , and its sequences were confirmed by comparison with the known genome sequences of both japonica and indica rice .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The cloned rbcS promoter was fused to the 5-upstream of GUS ( beta-glucuronidase ) coding region in a binary vector , and introduced into rice by Agrogacterium-mediated transformation .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The integration of the rbcS-GUS fusion gene in transgenic rice was confirmed by PCR analysis .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The results of both histochemical staining and quantitative analysis of GUS activity showed that the expression level of GUS fusion gene was significantly stronger in leaf blade and sheath than in other organs of transgenic rice plants , and the GUS activity was restricted to the mesophyll cells of leaf it issue , which showed that the rice rbcS promoter could control not only the it issue but also the cell-specific expression of foreign genes in transgenic rice .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The present results also demonstrated that light induction had a significant effect on the enhancement of transgenes expression when regulated by the rice rbcS promoter in transgenic rice .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Our results showed that the rice rbcS promoter might be very useful for the expression of target genes in transgenic rice , with particularly high efficiency in leaf it issues .
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Score: 6.00 |
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| Title: Functional incorporation of sorghum small subunit increases the catalytic turnover rate of Rubisco in transgenic rice .
| | Author: Ishikawa C Hatanaka T Misoo S Miyake C Fukayama H | | Journal: Plant Physiol Citation: V : 156 P : 1603-11 Year: 2011 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21562335 Accession (PMID): 21562335 | | Abstract: Rubisco limits photosynthetic CO ( 2 ) fixation because of its low catalytic turnover rate ( k ( cat ) ) and competing oxygenase reaction .
Previous attempts to improve the catalytic efficiency of Rubisco by genetic engineering have gained little progress .
Here we demonstrate that the introduction of the small subunit ( RbcS ) of high k ( cat ) Rubisco from the C ( 4 ) plant sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor ) significantly enhances k ( cat ) of Rubisco in transgenic rice ( Oryza sativa ) .
Three independent transgenic lines expressed sorghum RbcS at a high level , accounting for 30% , 44% , and 79% of the total RbcS .
Rubisco was likely present as a chimera of sorghum and rice RbcS , and showed 1 . 32 to 1 . 50-fold higher k ( cat ) than in nontransgenic rice .
Rubisco from transgenic lines showed a higher K ( m ) for CO ( 2 ) and slightly lower specificity for CO ( 2 ) than nontransgenic controls .
These results suggest that Rubisco in rice transformed with sorghum RbcS partially acquires the catalytic properties of sorghum Rubisco Rubisco content in transgenic lines was significantly increased over wild-type levels but Rubisco activation was slightly decreased .
The expression of sorghum RbcS did not affect CO ( 2 ) assimilation rates under a range of CO ( 2 ) partial pressures .
The J ( max ) /V ( cmax ) ratio was significantly lower in transgenic line compared to the nontransgenic plants .
These observations suggest that the capacity of electron transport is not sufficient to support the increased Rubisco capacity in transgenic rice .
Although the photosynthetic rate was not enhanced , the strategy presented here opens the way to engineering Rubisco for improvement of photosynthesis and productivity in the future .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 2.00 ]: Three independent transgenic lines expressed sorghum RbcS at a high level , accounting for 30% , 44% , and 79% of the total RbcS .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Here we demonstrate that the introduction of the small subunit ( RbcS ) of high k ( cat ) Rubisco from the C ( 4 ) plant sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor ) significantly enhances k ( cat ) of Rubisco in transgenic rice ( Oryza sativa ) .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rubisco was likely present as a chimera of sorghum and rice RbcS , and showed 1 . 32 to 1 . 50-fold higher k ( cat ) than in nontransgenic rice .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: These results suggest that Rubisco in rice transformed with sorghum RbcS partially acquires the catalytic properties of sorghum Rubisco Rubisco content in transgenic lines was significantly increased over wild-type levels but Rubisco activation was slightly decreased .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: The expression of sorghum RbcS did not affect CO ( 2 ) assimilation rates under a range of CO ( 2 ) partial pressures .
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Score: 5.00 |
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| Title: [ Expression of the GUS fusion gene controlled by the tomato rbcS3A promoter in transgenic rice ] | | Author: Liu QQ Yu HX Zhang WJ Gong ZY Gu MH | | Journal: Zhi Wu Sheng Li Yu Fen Zi Sheng Wu Xue Xue Bao Citation: V : 33 P : 251-7 Year: 2007 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17556813 Accession (PMID): 17556813 | | Abstract: To use different types of promoters in transgenic rice research , the 1 . 1 kb 5-upstream regulation region of one of the tomato ( Solanum tuberosum L ) Rubisco small subunit gene , rbcS3A , was cloned and its sequences were confirmed by comparison with the known sequences in GenBank .
The cloned rbcS3A promoter was fused to the 5-upstream of GUS ( beta-glucuronidase ) coding region in a binary vector , and introduced into an elite japonica rice variety by Agrogacterium-mediated transformation .
The integration of the GUS fusion gene into the genome of transgenic rice was confirmed by both PCR and Southern blot analysis .
The results of both histochemical staining and quantitative analysis of GUS activity showed that the expression level of GUS fusion gene was significantly stronger in stem , leaf blade and sheath than in other organs of transgenic rice plants , and showed highest in the stem , which implies that the tomato rbcS3A promoter can make it issue-specific , in particular in the stem , expression of foreign genes in transgenic rice .
The results present here also demonstrate that light induction had no effect on the expression of the foreign gene when regulated by the tomato rbcS3A promoter in transgenic rice .
Our results show that the cloned tomato rbcS3A promoter might be very useful for the expression of target genes in transgenic rice , with particularly high efficiency in stem it issues .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: To use different types of promoters in transgenic rice research , the 1 . 1 kb 5-upstream regulation region of one of the tomato ( Solanum tuberosum L ) Rubisco small subunit gene , rbcS3A , was cloned and its sequences were confirmed by comparison with the known sequences in GenBank .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The cloned rbcS3A promoter was fused to the 5-upstream of GUS ( beta-glucuronidase ) coding region in a binary vector , and introduced into an elite japonica rice variety by Agrogacterium-mediated transformation .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The results of both histochemical staining and quantitative analysis of GUS activity showed that the expression level of GUS fusion gene was significantly stronger in stem , leaf blade and sheath than in other organs of transgenic rice plants , and showed highest in the stem , which implies that the tomato rbcS3A promoter can make it issue-specific , in particular in the stem , expression of foreign genes in transgenic rice .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The results present here also demonstrate that light induction had no effect on the expression of the foreign gene when regulated by the tomato rbcS3A promoter in transgenic rice .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Our results show that the cloned tomato rbcS3A promoter might be very useful for the expression of target genes in transgenic rice , with particularly high efficiency in stem it issues .
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Score: 5.00 |
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| Title: Metabolome analysis of photosynthesis and the related primary metabolites in the leaves of transgenic rice plants with increased or decreased Rubisco content .
| | Author: Suzuki Y Fujimori T Kanno K Sasaki A Ohashi Y Makino A | | Journal: Plant Cell Environ Citation: V : 35 P : 1369-79 Year: 2012 Type: In-Data-Review | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22321318 Accession (PMID): 22321318 | | Abstract: Because the comprehensive effects on metabolism by genetic manipulation of leaf Rubisco content are unknown , metabolome analysis was carried out on transgenic rice plants with increased or decreased Rubisco content using the capillary electrophoresis-time-of-flight mass spectrometry ( CE-TOFMS ) technique .
In RBCS-sense plants , an increase in Rubisco content did not improve light-saturated photosynthesis .
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and sedoheputulose 7-phosphate levels increased , but ribulose bisphosphate ( RuBP ) , ATP and ADP levels were not affected .
It is considered from these results that RuBP regeneration independent of ATP supply became a bottleneck for photosynthesis .
In RBCS-antisense plants , a decline in Rubisco content decreased photosynthesis with a substantial accumulation of RuBP .
ATP and ADP levels also increased and were associated with increases in the diphosphate and triphosphate compounds of other nucleosides .
These results imply that a decline in Rubisco content slowed down the Calvin cycle and that the resultant excess energy of ATP was transferred to other nucleoside diphosphates and triphosphates .
The levels of amino acids tended to decline in RBCS-sense plants and increase in RBCS-antisense plants , probably reflecting the demand for Rubisco synthesis .
Starch and carbohydrate levels decreased only in RBCS-antisense plants .
Thus , genetic manipulation of Rubisco contents widely affected C and N metabolism in rice .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 2.00 ]: The levels of amino acids tended to decline in RBCS-sense plants and increase in RBCS-antisense plants , probably reflecting the demand for Rubisco synthesis .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: In RBCS-sense plants , an increase in Rubisco content did not improve light-saturated photosynthesis .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: In RBCS-antisense plants , a decline in Rubisco content decreased photosynthesis with a substantial accumulation of RuBP .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: Starch and carbohydrate levels decreased only in RBCS-antisense plants .
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Score: 5.00 |
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| Title: Changes in growth CO2 result in rapid adjustments of ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase small subunit gene expression in expanding and mature leaves of rice | | Author: Gesch RW Boote KJ Vu JC Hartwell Allen Jr L Bowes G | | Journal: Citation: V : 118 ( 2 ) P : 521-9 Year: 1998 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub9765537 Accession (PMID): 9765537 | | Abstract: The accumulation of soluble carbohydrates resulting from growth under elevated CO2 may potentially signal the repression of gene activity for the small subunit of ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase ( rbcS ) .
To test this hypothesis we grew rice ( Oryza sativa L ) under ambient ( 350 &mgr ; L L-1 ) and high ( 700 &mgr ; L L-1 ) CO2 in outdoor , sunlit , environment-controlled chambers and performed a cross-switching of growth CO2 concentration at the late-vegetative phase .
Within 24 h , plants switched to high CO2 showed a 15% and 23% decrease in rbcS mRNA , whereas plants switched to ambient CO2 increased 27% and 11% in expanding and mature leaves , respectively .
Ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase total activity and protein content 8 d after the switch increased up to 27% and 20% , respectively , in plants switched to ambient CO2 , but changed very little in plants switched to high CO2 .
Plants maintained at high CO2 showed greater carbohydrate pool sizes and lower rbcS transcript levels than plants kept at ambient CO2 .
However , after switching growth CO2 concentration , there was not a simple correlation between carbohydrate and rbcS transcript levels .
We conclude that although carbohydrates may be important in the regulation of rbcS expression , changes in total pool size alone could not predict the rapid changes in expression that we observed . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The accumulation of soluble carbohydrates resulting from growth under elevated CO2 may potentially signal the repression of gene activity for the small subunit of ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase ( rbcS ) .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Within 24 h , plants switched to high CO2 showed a 15% and 23% decrease in rbcS mRNA , whereas plants switched to ambient CO2 increased 27% and 11% in expanding and mature leaves , respectively .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Plants maintained at high CO2 showed greater carbohydrate pool sizes and lower rbcS transcript levels than plants kept at ambient CO2 .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: However , after switching growth CO2 concentration , there was not a simple correlation between carbohydrate and rbcS transcript levels .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: We conclude that although carbohydrates may be important in the regulation of rbcS expression , changes in total pool size alone could not predict the rapid changes in expression that we observed .
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Score: 4.00 |
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| Title: Changes in the synthesis of rubisco in rice leaves in relation to senescence and N influx .
| | Author: Imai K Suzuki Y Mae T Makino A | | Journal: Ann Bot ( Lond ) Citation: V : 101 P : 135-44 Year: 2008 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17965028 Accession (PMID): 17965028 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS : The amount of ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase ( Rubisco , EC 4 . 1 . 1 . 39 ) synthesized in a leaf is closely correlated with N influx into the leaf throughout its lifetime .
Rubisco synthesis and N influx are most active in the young leaf during expansion , but are very limited in the senescent leaf .
However , it is not established whether Rubisco synthesis can be observed if N influx is increased , even in a very senescent leaf .
This study first investigated changes in the relationships between rbcS and rbcL mRNA contents and Rubisco synthesis per unit of leaf mass with leaf senescence .
Next , leaves were removed during late senescence , to examine whether Rubisco synthesis is re-stimulated in very senescent leaves by an increase in N influx .
METHODS : Different N concentrations ( 1 and 4 mm ) were supplied to Oryza sativa plants at the early ( full expansion ) , middle and late stages ( respectively 8 and 16 d after full expansion ) of senescence of the eighth leaf .
To enhance N influx into the eighth leaf 16 d after full expansion , all leaf blades on the main stem , except for the eighth leaf , and all tillers were removed and plants received 4 mm N ( removal treatment ) .
KEY RESULTS : Rubisco synthesis , rbcS and rbcL mRNAs and the translational efficiencies of rbcS and rbcL mRNAs decreased with leaf senescence irrespective of N treatments .
However , in the removal treatment at the late stage , they increased more strongly with an increase in N influx than in intact plants .
CONCLUSIONS : Although Rubisco synthesis and rbcS and rbcL mRNAs decrease with leaf senescence , leaves at the late stage of senescence have the potential actively to synthesize Rubisco with an increase in N influx .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 2.00 ]: KEY RESULTS : Rubisco synthesis , rbcS and rbcL mRNAs and the translational efficiencies of rbcS and rbcL mRNAs decreased with leaf senescence irrespective of N treatments .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: This study first investigated changes in the relationships between rbcS and rbcL mRNA contents and Rubisco synthesis per unit of leaf mass with leaf senescence .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: CONCLUSIONS : Although Rubisco synthesis and rbcS and rbcL mRNAs decrease with leaf senescence , leaves at the late stage of senescence have the potential actively to synthesize Rubisco with an increase in N influx .
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Score: 4.00 |
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| Title: Differences in expression of the RBCS multigene family and rubisco protein content in various rice plant it issues at different growth stages .
| | Author: Suzuki Y Nakabayashi K Yoshizawa R Mae T Makino A | | Journal: Plant Cell Physiol Citation: V : 50 P : 1851-5 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19720627 Accession (PMID): 19720627 | | Abstract: Four out of five members of the RBCS multigene family ( OsRBCS2-OsRBCS5 ) were highly expressed in leaf blades of rice ( Oryza sativa L ) irrespective of plant growth stage , whereas accumulation of all RBCS mRNAs in leaf sheaths , roots and developing spikelets was quite low .
A highly positive correlation was observed between total RBCS and RBCL mRNA levels and Rubisco content at their maxima , irrespective of it issue and growth stage .
The results indicate that the total RBCS mRNA level may be a primary determinant for maximal Rubisco protein content and that Rubisco gene expression is well coordinated through the whole life of rice .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 2.00 ]: Four out of five members of the RBCS multigene family ( OsRBCS2-OsRBCS5 ) were highly expressed in leaf blades of rice ( Oryza sativa L ) irrespective of plant growth stage , whereas accumulation of all RBCS mRNAs in leaf sheaths , roots and developing spikelets was quite low .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: A highly positive correlation was observed between total RBCS and RBCL mRNA levels and Rubisco content at their maxima , irrespective of it issue and growth stage .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The results indicate that the total RBCS mRNA level may be a primary determinant for maximal Rubisco protein content and that Rubisco gene expression is well coordinated through the whole life of rice .
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Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: Red blood cell senescence and neocytolysis in humans after high altitude acclimatization .
| | Author: Risso A Turello M Biffoni F Antonutto G | | Journal: Blood Cells Mol . Dis . Citation: V : 38 ( 2 ) P : 83-92 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17188915 Accession (PMID): 17188915 | | Abstract: A selective lysis of relatively young erythrocytes ( neocytolysis ) , together with a decrease of erythropoietin ( EPO ) production , has been described in polycythemic , high altitude acclimatized climbers , after descent to sea level , and in astronauts , soon after exposure to weightlessness ( Alfrey CP , Rice L , Udden MM , Driscoll TB .
Neocytolysis may represent the physiological down-regulation of red-cell mass .
Lancet 349 ( 1997 ) 1389-90 ) .
To study neocytolysis , we analysed blood samples drawn from 4 mountain climbers at sea level before and after 53 days of high altitude acclimatization ( > or = 4500 m ) .
After a 6-day descent to sea level , erythropoietin ( EPO ) plasma levels were lower than before high altitude acclimatization ( mean values : 2 . 5+/-3 . 3 versus 10+/-4 . 5 mIU/ml , p < 0 . 05 ) .
Red blood cell ( RBC ) populations were separated into low , middle and high density subsets , which , by physical and phenotypical criteria , were characterized as young , middle-aged and old .
RBC membrane molecules CD55 and CD59 along with phosphatydylserine and CD47 were measured .
The former are partially lost during RBC aging .
The latter are involved in the triggering or inhibition of RBC phagocytosis by macrophages .
Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were done on each density subset .
Young and middle-aged RBCs largely disappeared after descent from high altitude ( from 4 . 50% ( +/-3 . 10 ) and 66% ( +/-6 . 90 ) to 0 . 19% ( +/-0 . 07 ) and 1 . 90% ( +/-0 . 50 ) , respectively ) .
Simultaneously , there was a dramatic increase of high density RBCs ( from 29 . 50% ( +/-7 ) to 97 . 90% ( +/-2 . 00 ) ) .
Furthermore , the remaining young and middle-aged RBCs had acquired a senescent-like phenotype , which may account for their increased susceptibility to phagocytosis .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 11, subscore: 1.00 ]: Young and middle-aged RBCs largely disappeared after descent from high altitude ( from 4 . 50% ( +/-3 . 10 ) and 66% ( +/-6 . 90 ) to 0 . 19% ( +/-0 . 07 ) and 1 . 90% ( +/-0 . 50 ) , respectively ) .
[ Sen. 12, subscore: 1.00 ]: Simultaneously , there was a dramatic increase of high density RBCs ( from 29 . 50% ( +/-7 ) to 97 . 90% ( +/-2 . 00 ) ) .
[ Sen. 13, subscore: 1.00 ]: Furthermore , the remaining young and middle-aged RBCs had acquired a senescent-like phenotype , which may account for their increased susceptibility to phagocytosis .
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Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: Impact of arsenic in foodstuffs on the people living in the arsenic-affected areas of West Bengal , India .
| | Author: Mandal BK Suzuki KT Anzai K | | Journal: J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng Citation: V : 42 P : 1741-52 Year: 2007 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17952775 Accession (PMID): 17952775 | | Abstract: Although the accumulation of arsenic ( As ) in human blood is linked with some diseases and with occupational exposure , there are few reports on speciation of As in blood .
On the basis of our earlier article , elevated level of arsenicals in human urine and blood were found in the ex-exposed population via As-containing drinking water .
The aim of the present study was to get an insight on impact of As in foodstuffs on the people living in the As-affected areas .
Moreover , speciation of arsenicals in urine , and water-samples found in arsenobetaine ( AsB ) .
Since sampling population ( n=25 ) was not taking any seafood , As in foodstuffs was thought to be the prime source for this discrepancy .
So , speciation of methanol extract of freeze-dried red blood cells ( RBCs ) and foodstuffs , and trichloro acetic acid ( TCA ) treated plasma by high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled argon plasma mass spectrometer ( HPLC-ICP MS ) collected from the study population ( n=33 ) was carried out to support our hypothesis .
Results showed that urine contained AsB ( 1 . 7% ) , arsenite ( iAs ( III ) ) ( 14 . 3 ) , arsenate ( iAs ( V ) ) ( 4 . 9 ) , monomethylarsonous acid ( MMA ( III ) ) ( 0 . 64 ) , monomethylarsonic acid ( MMA ( V ) ) ( 13 . 6 ) , dimethylarsinous acid ( DMA ( III ) ) ( 7 . 7 ) , and dimethylarsinic acid ( DMA ( V ) ) ( 65 . 4 ) .
Blood contained 21 . 3 microg L ( - 1 ) ( mean ) As and of which 27 . 3% was in plasma and 72 . 7% in RBCs .
RBCs contained AsB ( 21 . 6% ) and DMA ( V ) ( 78 . 4 ) and blood plasma contained AsB ( 12 . 4% ) , iAs ( III ) ( 25 . 9 ) , MMA ( V ) ( 30 . 3 ) , and DMA ( V ) ( 31 . 4 ) .
Furthermore , speciation of As in foodstuffs showed that most of them contained AsB ( 3 . 54-25 . 81 microg kg ( - 1 ) ) ( 25 . 81-312 . 44 microg kg ( - 1 ) ) along with iAs ( III ) ( 9 . 62-194 . 93 ) , iAs ( V ) ( 17 . 63-78 . 33 ) , MMA ( V ) ( 9 . 47-73 . 22 ) and DMA ( V ) ( 13 . 43-101 . 15 ) that supported the presence of AsB and elevated As in urine and blood samples of the present study group .
Inorganic As ( iAs ) predominates in rice ( 67 . 17-86 . 62% ) and in spices ( 40-90 . 35% ) , respectively over organic As .
So , As in the food chain is a real threat to human health .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: So , speciation of methanol extract of freeze-dried red blood cells ( RBCs ) and foodstuffs , and trichloro acetic acid ( TCA ) treated plasma by high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled argon plasma mass spectrometer ( HPLC-ICP MS ) collected from the study population ( n=33 ) was carried out to support our hypothesis .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Blood contained 21 . 3 microg L ( - 1 ) ( mean ) As and of which 27 . 3% was in plasma and 72 . 7% in RBCs .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: RBCs contained AsB ( 21 . 6% ) and DMA ( V ) ( 78 . 4 ) and blood plasma contained AsB ( 12 . 4% ) , iAs ( III ) ( 25 . 9 ) , MMA ( V ) ( 30 . 3 ) , and DMA ( V ) ( 31 . 4 ) .
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Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: Rubisco content and photosynthesis of leaves at different positions in transgenic rice with an overexpression of RBCS .
| | Author: Suzuki Y Miyamoto T Yoshizawa R Mae T Makino A | | Journal: Plant Cell Environ Citation: V : 32 P : 417-27 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19183297 Accession (PMID): 19183297 | | Abstract: As ribulose 1 . 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase ( Rubisco ) activity limits light-saturated photosynthesis under present atmospheric condition , the effects of an overexpression of RBCSon Rubisco content and photosynthesis were examined in the leaves at different positions in rice ( Oryza sativa L ) .
Rubisco content in the transformant was significantly greater in the uppermost , fully expanded leaves but decreased to levels similar to those in wild-type plants in the lower leaves .
The mRNA levels of total RBCS and rbcL in these leaves were much less than those in the expanding leaves , where Rubisco synthesis is active , suggesting commensurately low level of synthesis .
Although the activation state of Rubisco was lower in the uppermost , fully expanded leaves of the transformant , it recovered to its full level in the lower leaves .
As a result , the photosynthetic rate did not differ in leaves at the same position between the transformant and the wild type .
Similarly , whole plant biomass did not differ between these genotypes .
Thus , we conclude that although the overexpression of RBCS led to an enhancement of Rubisco protein content in the uppermost , fully expanded leaves , it does not result in increased photosynthetic rates or plant biomass , because of an apparent down-regulation in its activation state .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: As ribulose 1 . 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase ( Rubisco ) activity limits light-saturated photosynthesis under present atmospheric condition , the effects of an overexpression of RBCSon Rubisco content and photosynthesis were examined in the leaves at different positions in rice ( Oryza sativa L ) .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The mRNA levels of total RBCS and rbcL in these leaves were much less than those in the expanding leaves , where Rubisco synthesis is active , suggesting commensurately low level of synthesis .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Thus , we conclude that although the overexpression of RBCS led to an enhancement of Rubisco protein content in the uppermost , fully expanded leaves , it does not result in increased photosynthetic rates or plant biomass , because of an apparent down-regulation in its activation state .
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Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: Chloroplast-targeted expression of synthetic cry1Ac in transgenic rice as an alternative strategy for increased pest protection .
| | Author: Kim EH Suh SC Park BS Shin KS Kweon SJ Han EJ Park SH Kim YS Kim JK | | Journal: Planta Citation: V : P : Year: 2009 Type: Publisher | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19484258 Accession (PMID): 19484258 | | Abstract: To increase insect resistance in transgenic rice plants , a synthetic truncated cry1Ac gene was linked to the rice rbcS promoter and its transit peptide sequence ( tp ) for chloroplast-targeted expression .
Several transgenic lines were generated by the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method and the expression levels of the transgene were compared with untargeted expression .
Use of the rbcS-tp sequence increased the cry1Ac transcript and protein levels by 25 and 100-fold , respectively , with the accumulated protein in chloroplasts comprising up to 2% of the total soluble proteins .
The high level of cry1Ac expression resulted in high levels of plant resistance to three common rice pests , rice leaf folder , rice green caterpillar , and rice skipper , as evidenced by insect feeding assays .
Transgenic plants were also evaluated for resistance to natural infestations by rice leaf folder under field conditions .
Throughout the entire period of plant growth , the transgenic plants showed no symptoms of damage , whereas nontransgenic control plants were severely damaged by rice leaf folders .
Our results demonstrate that the targeting of cry1Ac protein to the chloroplast using the rbcS : tp system confers a high level of plant protection to insects , thus providing an alternative strategy for crop insect management .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: To increase insect resistance in transgenic rice plants , a synthetic truncated cry1Ac gene was linked to the rice rbcS promoter and its transit peptide sequence ( tp ) for chloroplast-targeted expression .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Use of the rbcS-tp sequence increased the cry1Ac transcript and protein levels by 25 and 100-fold , respectively , with the accumulated protein in chloroplasts comprising up to 2% of the total soluble proteins .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Our results demonstrate that the targeting of cry1Ac protein to the chloroplast using the rbcS : tp system confers a high level of plant protection to insects , thus providing an alternative strategy for crop insect management .
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Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: Posttranscriptional Control of Photosynthetic mRNA Decay under Stress Conditions Requires 3 and 5 Untranslated Regions and Correlates with Differential Polysome Association in Rice .
| | Author: Park SH Chung PJ Juntawong P Bailey-Serres J Kim YS Jung H Bang SW Kim YK Do Choi Y Kim JK | | Journal: Plant Physiol Citation: V : 159 P : 1111-24 Year: 2012 Type: In-Data-Review | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22566494 Accession (PMID): 22566494 | | Abstract: Abiotic stress , including drought , salinity , and temperature extremes , regulates gene expression at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels .
Expression profiling of total messenger RNAs ( mRNAs ) from rice ( Oryza sativa ) leaves grown under stress conditions revealed that the transcript levels of photosynthetic genes are reduced more rapidly than others , a phenomenon referred to as stress-induced mRNA decay ( SMD ) .
By comparing RNA polymerase II engagement with the steady-state mRNA level , we show here that SMD is a posttranscriptional event .
The SMD of photosynthetic genes was further verified by measuring the half-lives of the small subunit of Rubisco ( RbcS1 ) and Chlorophyll a/b-Binding Protein1 ( Cab1 ) mRNAs during stress conditions in the presence of the transcription inhibitor cordycepin .
To discern any correlation between SMD and the process of translation , changes in total and polysome-associated mRNA levels after stress were measured .
Total and polysome-associated mRNA levels of two photosynthetic ( RbcS1 and Cab1 ) and two stress-inducible ( Dehydration Stress-Inducible Protein1 and Salt-Induced Protein ) genes were found to be markedly similar .
This demonstrated the importance of polysome association for transcript stability under stress conditions .
Microarray experiments performed on total and polysomal mRNAs indicate that approximately half of all mRNAs that undergo SMD remain polysome associated during stress treatments .
To delineate the functional determinant ( s ) of mRNAs responsible for SMD , the RbcS1 and Cab1 transcripts were dissected into several components .
The expressions of different combinations of the mRNA components were analyzed under stress conditions , revealing that both 3 and 5 untranslated regions are necessary for SMD .
Our results , therefore , suggest that the posttranscriptional control of photosynthetic mRNA decay under stress conditions requires both 3 and 5 untranslated regions and correlates with differential polysome association .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The SMD of photosynthetic genes was further verified by measuring the half-lives of the small subunit of Rubisco ( RbcS1 ) and Chlorophyll a/b-Binding Protein1 ( Cab1 ) mRNAs during stress conditions in the presence of the transcription inhibitor cordycepin .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Total and polysome-associated mRNA levels of two photosynthetic ( RbcS1 and Cab1 ) and two stress-inducible ( Dehydration Stress-Inducible Protein1 and Salt-Induced Protein ) genes were found to be markedly similar .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: To delineate the functional determinant ( s ) of mRNAs responsible for SMD , the RbcS1 and Cab1 transcripts were dissected into several components .
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Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: The promoters of two carboxylases in a C4 plant ( maize ) direct cell-specific , light-regulated expression in a C3 plant ( rice ) .
| | Author: Matsuoka M Kyozuka J Shimamoto K Kano-Murakami Y | | Journal: Plant J Citation: V : 6 ( 3 ) P : 311-9 Year: 1994 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub7920719 Accession (PMID): 7920719 | | Abstract: C4 plants have two carboxylases which function in photosynthesis .
One , phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase ( PEPC ) is localized in mesophyll cells , and the other , ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase ( RuBPC ) is found in bundle sheath cells .
In contrast , C3 plants have only one photosynthetic carboxylase , RuBPC , which is localized in mesophyll cells .
The expression of PEPC in C3 mesophyll cells is quite low relative to PEPC expression in C4 mesophyll cells .
Two chimeric genes have been constructed consisting of the structural gene encoding beta-glucuronidase ( GUS ) controlled by two promoters from C4 ( maize ) photosynthetic genes : ( i ) the PEPC gene ( pepc ) and ( ii ) the small subunit of RuBPC ( rbcS ) .
These constructs were introduced into a C3 cereal , rice .
Both chimeric genes were expressed almost exclusively in mesophyll cells in the leaf blades and leaf sheaths at high levels , and no or very little activity was observed in other cells .
The expression of both genes was also regulated by light .
These observations indicate that the regulation systems which direct cell-specific and light-inducible expression of pepc and rbcS in C4 plants are also present in C3 plants .
Nevertheless , expression of endogenous pepc in C3 plants is very low in C3 mesophyll cells , and the cell specificity of rbcS expression in C3 plants differs from that in C4 plants .
Rice nuclear extracts were assayed for DNA-binding protein ( s ) which interact with a cis-regulatory element in the pepc promoter .
Gel-retardation assays indicate that a nuclear protein with similar DNA-binding specificity to a maize nuclear protein is present in rice . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS ) | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Two chimeric genes have been constructed consisting of the structural gene encoding beta-glucuronidase ( GUS ) controlled by two promoters from C4 ( maize ) photosynthetic genes : ( i ) the PEPC gene ( pepc ) and ( ii ) the small subunit of RuBPC ( rbcS ) .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: These observations indicate that the regulation systems which direct cell-specific and light-inducible expression of pepc and rbcS in C4 plants are also present in C3 plants .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: Nevertheless , expression of endogenous pepc in C3 plants is very low in C3 mesophyll cells , and the cell specificity of rbcS expression in C3 plants differs from that in C4 plants .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: High-level and ubiquitous expression of the rice cytochrome c gene OsCc1 and its promoter activity in transgenic plants provides a useful promoter for transgenesis of monocots .
| | Author: Jang IC Choi WB Lee KH Song SI Nahm BH Kim JK .
| | Journal: Plant Physiol .
Citation: V : 129 ( 4 ) P : 1473-81 Year: 2002 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12177461 Accession (PMID): 12177461 | | Abstract: Expression patterns of a rice ( Oryza sativa ) cytochrome c gene OsCc1 and its promoter activity were characterized in transgenic rice plants .
OsCc1 transcripts accumulate in most cell types , but to varying levels .
Large amounts of OsCc1 transcripts are found in the roots , calli , and suspension cells , but relatively lower in mature leaves , demonstrating its higher levels of expression in non-photosynthetic it issues .
Unlike the human cytochrome c gene , which is responsive to cAMP , OsCc1 expression is not enhanced in various rice it issues after dibutyryl cAMP treatments .
OsCc1 promoter was linked to the sgfp gene and its activities in different it issues and cell types of transgenic rice plants were analyzed in comparison with the Act1 and RbcS promoters .
OsCc1 promoter directs expression in virtually all organs of transgenic plants including roots , leaves , calli , embryos , and suspension cells , showing a particularly high activity in calli and roots .
Activity of the OsCc1 promoter was 3-fold higher than Act1 in calli and roots and comparable with RbcS in leaves , representing a useful alternative to the maize ( Zea mays ) Ubi1 and the rice Act1 promoters for transgene expression in monocots . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: OsCc1 promoter was linked to the sgfp gene and its activities in different it issues and cell types of transgenic rice plants were analyzed in comparison with the Act1 and RbcS promoters .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Activity of the OsCc1 promoter was 3-fold higher than Act1 in calli and roots and comparable with RbcS in leaves , representing a useful alternative to the maize ( Zea mays ) Ubi1 and the rice Act1 promoters for transgene expression in monocots .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Does Decrease in Ribulose-1 , 5-Bisphosphate Carboxylase by Antisense RbcS Lead to a Higher N-Use Efficiency of Photosynthesis under Conditions of Saturating CO2 and Light in Rice Plants?
| | Author: Makino A Shimada T Takumi S Kaneko K Matsuoka M Shimamoto K Nakano H Miyao-Tokutomi M Mae T Yamamoto N | | Journal: Citation: V : 114 ( 2 ) P : 483-491 Year: 1997 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12223722 Accession (PMID): 12223722 | | Abstract: Rice ( Oryza sativa L ) plants with decreased ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylase ( Rubisco ) were obtained by transformation with the rice rbcS antisense gene under the control of the rice rbcS promoter .
The primary transformants were screened for the Rubisco to leaf N ratio , and the transformant with 65% wild-type Rubisco was selected as a plant set with optimal Rubisco content at saturating CO2 partial pressures for photosynthesis under conditions of high irradiance and 25 [ deg ] C This optimal Rubisco content was estimated from the amounts and kinetic constants of Rubisco and the gas-exchange data .
The R1 selfed progeny of the selected transformant were grown hydroponically with different N concentrations .
Rubisco content in the R1 population was distributed into two groups : 56 plants had about 65% wild-type Rubisco , whereas 23 plants were very similar to the wild type .
Although the plants with decreased Rubisco showed 20% lower rates of light-saturated photosynthesis in normal air ( 36 Pa CO2 ) , they had 5 to 15% higher rates of photosynthesis in elevated partial pressures of CO2 , ( 100-115 Pa CO2 ) than the wild-type plants for a given leaf N content .
We conclude that the rice plants with 65% wild-type Rubisco show a higher N-use efficiency of photosynthesis under conditions of saturating CO2 and high irradiance . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 2.00 ]: Rice ( Oryza sativa L ) plants with decreased ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylase ( Rubisco ) were obtained by transformation with the rice rbcS antisense gene under the control of the rice rbcS promoter .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Physiological functions of the water-water cycle ( Mehler reaction ) and the cyclic electron flow around PSI in rice leaves .
| | Author: Makino A Miyake C Yokota A | | Journal: Plant Cell Physiol .
Citation: V : 43 ( 9 ) P : 1017-26 Year: 2002 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12354919 Accession (PMID): 12354919 | | Abstract: Changes in chlorophyll fluorescence , P700 ( + ) -absorbance and gas exchange during the induction phase and steady state of photosynthesis were simultaneously examined in rice ( Oryza sativa L ) , including the rbcS antisense plants .
The quantum yield of photosystem II ( PhiPSII ) increased more rapidly than CO ( 2 ) assimilation in 20% O ( 2 ) .
This rapid increase in PhiPSII resulted from the electron flux through the water-water cycle ( WWC ) because of its dependency on O ( 2 ) .
The electron flux of WWC reached a maximum just after illumination , and rapidly generated non-photochemical quenching ( NPQ ) .
With increasing CO ( 2 ) assimilation , the electron flux of WWC and NPQ decreased .
In 2% O ( 2 ) , WWC scarcely operated and PhiPSI was always higher than PhiPSII .
This suggested that cyclic electron flow around PSI resulted in the formation of NPQ , which remained at higher levels in 2% O ( 2 ) .
The electron flux of WWC in the rbcS antisense plants was lower , but these plants always showed a higher NPQ .
This was also caused by the operation of the cyclic electron flow around PSI because of a higher ratio of PhiPSI/PhiPSII , irrespective of O ( 2 ) concentration .
The results indicate that WWC functions as a starter of photosynthesis by generating DeltapH across thylakoid membranes for NPQ formation , supplying ATP for carbon assimilation .
However , WWC does not act to maintain a high NPQ , and PhiPSII is down-regulated by DeltapH generated via the cyclic electron flow around PSI . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Changes in chlorophyll fluorescence , P700 ( + ) -absorbance and gas exchange during the induction phase and steady state of photosynthesis were simultaneously examined in rice ( Oryza sativa L ) , including the rbcS antisense plants .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: The electron flux of WWC in the rbcS antisense plants was lower , but these plants always showed a higher NPQ .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: A tobacco DNA binding protein that interacts with a light-responsive box II element .
| | Author: Perisic O Lam E | | Journal: Plant Cell Citation: V : 4 ( 7 ) P : 831-8 Year: 1992 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub1392597 Accession (PMID): 1392597 | | Abstract: Ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase plays a key role in photosynthetic carbon fixation in higher plants .
The small subunit of this chloroplast enzyme ( rbcS ) , encoded by a family of nuclear genes , is regulated at the transcriptional level by light .
Promoter analyses have previously identified the box II sequence as a cis element critical for the light-regulated expression of rbcS genes .
Nuclear factor GT-1 binds specifically to this element and is one of the plant nuclear factors that has been detected and studied in great detail .
Here we describe the cloning and characterization of a tobacco cDNA encoding a protein , designated B2F ( Box II Factor ) , with similar binding specificity and mobility in gel retardation assays as nuclear GT-1 .
Steady state levels of mRNA encoding B2F do not appear to be regulated by light ; this is consistent with the previous observation that nuclear GT-1 activity is present in extracts from both light-grown and dark-adapted plants .
Sequence comparison with another plant trans-acting factor , GT-2 , which binds to a GT-like element in the rice phytochrome promoter , shows striking homology in three putative alpha-helices that may be involved in DNA binding .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The small subunit of this chloroplast enzyme ( rbcS ) , encoded by a family of nuclear genes , is regulated at the transcriptional level by light .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Promoter analyses have previously identified the box II sequence as a cis element critical for the light-regulated expression of rbcS genes .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Role of the rice hexokinases OsHXK5 and OsHXK6 as glucose sensors .
| | Author: Cho JI Ryoo N Eom JS Lee DW Kim HB Jeong SW Lee YH Kwon YK Cho MH Bhoo SH Hahn TR Park YI Hwang I Sheen J Jeon JS | | Journal: Plant Physiol Citation: V : 149 P : 745-59 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19010999 Accession (PMID): 19010999 | | Abstract: The Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana ) hexokinase 1 ( AtHXK1 ) is recognized as an important glucose ( Glc ) sensor .
However , the function of hexokinases as Glc sensors has not been clearly demonstrated in other plant species , including rice ( Oryza sativa ) .
To investigate the functions of rice hexokinase isoforms , we characterized OsHXK5 and OsHXK6 , which are evolutionarily related to AtHXK1 .
Transient expression analyses using GFP fusion constructs revealed that OsHXK5 and OsHXK6 are associated with mitochondria .
Interestingly , the OsHXK5DeltamTP-GFP and OsHXK6DeltamTP-GFP fusion proteins , which lack N-terminal mitochondrial targeting peptides , were present mainly in the nucleus with a small amount of the proteins seen in the cytosol .
In addition , the OsHXK5NLS-GFP and OsHXK6NLS-GFP fusion proteins harboring nuclear localization signals were targeted predominantly in the nucleus , suggesting that these OsHXKs retain a dual-targeting ability to mitochondria and nuclei .
In transient expression assays using promoterluciferase fusion constructs , these two OsHXKs and their catalytically inactive alleles dramatically enhanced the Glc-dependent repression of the maize ( Zea mays ) Rubisco small subunit ( RbcS ) and rice alpha-amylase genes in mesophyll protoplasts of maize and rice .
Notably , the expression of OsHXK5 , OsHXK6 , or their mutant alleles complemented the Arabidopsis glucose insensitive2-1 mutant , thereby resulting in wild-type characteristics in seedling development , Glc-dependent gene expression , and plant growth .
Furthermore , transgenic rice plants overexpressing OsHXK5 or OsHXK6 exhibited hypersensitive plant growth retardation and enhanced repression of the photosynthetic gene RbcS in response to Glc treatment .
These results provide evidence that rice OsHXK5 and OsHXK6 can function as Glc sensors .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: In transient expression assays using promoterluciferase fusion constructs , these two OsHXKs and their catalytically inactive alleles dramatically enhanced the Glc-dependent repression of the maize ( Zea mays ) Rubisco small subunit ( RbcS ) and rice alpha-amylase genes in mesophyll protoplasts of maize and rice .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: Furthermore , transgenic rice plants overexpressing OsHXK5 or OsHXK6 exhibited hypersensitive plant growth retardation and enhanced repression of the photosynthetic gene RbcS in response to Glc treatment .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Structure and expression of a light-inducible shoot-specific rice gene .
| | Author: de Pater S Hensgens LA Schilperoort RA .
| | Journal: Plant Mol . Biol . Citation: V : 15 ( 3 ) P : 399-406 Year: 1990 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub2103460 Accession (PMID): 2103460 | | Abstract: By differential screening of a cDNA library of two-week-old rice seedlings cDNA clones were obtained , corresponding to shoot-specific mRNAs .
By sequence analysis two of these clones were found to be rbcS cDNA clones .
The mRNA corresponding to a third cDNA clone ( COS5 ) displayed an expression pattern similar to the expression pattern of rbcS genes .
The mRNA ( 800 bases ) was light-inducible and encoded by a single-copy gene .
The genomic clone ( GOS5 ) was isolated and the intron/exon structure was determined by comparing the nucleotide sequences of the mRNA and the genomic clone .
The gene contains two introns .
Transcription start sites were determined by S1-nuclease mapping and primer extension .
The start site obtained by both methods is located 87 bp upstream of the translation start site and 23 bp downstream of TATA box-like sequence .
In the 5 non-coding region motifs can be found that are homologous to sequences in promoters that are light or UV-inducible or confer leaf-specific expression .
The open reading frame present in GOS5 codes for a protein ( 15 kDa ) that contains a putative chloroplast transit peptide and does not show any significant homology to protein sequences in the NBRF protein database . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: By sequence analysis two of these clones were found to be rbcS cDNA clones .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The mRNA corresponding to a third cDNA clone ( COS5 ) displayed an expression pattern similar to the expression pattern of rbcS genes .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Addition of rice cereal to formula does not impair mineral bioavailability .
| | Author: Lifschitz CH Abrams SA .
| | Journal: J Pediatr . Gastroenterol . Nutr . Citation: V : 26 ( 2 ) P : 175-8 Year: 1998 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub9481634 Accession (PMID): 9481634 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : The effect of adding rice cereal to formula on calcium and iron bioavailability was studied .
METHODS : Fourteen healthy infants were studied at 2-week intervals to assess the absorption of calcium and iron from formula or formula mixed with rice cereal Infants were randomly assigned to initiate the study either on a lactose-containing formula ( F ) or the same formula mixed with 6 . 5 g/dl of rice cereal ( F + R ) .
Calcium and iron absorption were determined using a multiple tracer approach in which calcium and iron isotopes were given orally mixed with either F or F + R and a different tracer of calcium given intravenously .
Nine infants underwent calcium and iron studies and five underwent calcium studies only .
A tracer amount of 46Ca was administered intravenously .
Calcium absorption was determined as the ratio of the recovered oral versus intravenous tracer in the urine during the 24 hr after tracer administration .
Iron incorporation into red blood cells ( RBCs ) was determined from the enrichment of the iron isotopes in the RBCs at 14 days after dosing .
RESULTS : Mean ( +/- SD ) percent absorption of calcium from F was 58% ( +/- 13 ) and from F + R 57% ( +/- 18 ) .
Absorption of iron from F was 5 . 8% ( +/- 7 ) and from F + R 6 . 3% ( +/- 4 ) ( p = 0 . 06 ) .
Analyses of variance for repeated measures indicated no significant correlation between amount of calories , calcium , or iron ingested , and calcium or iron absorbed .
CONCLUSIONS : Adding rice cereal to formula does not impair bioavailability of calcium or iron from infant formulas .
Because of the increased total calcium and iron in the mixture of formula and cereal , the overall amount of minerals absorbed from F + R may be greater than from formula alone . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 2.00 ]: Iron incorporation into red blood cells ( RBCs ) was determined from the enrichment of the iron isotopes in the RBCs at 14 days after dosing .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Triprimer-PCR method : rapid and reliable detection of transgenes in transgenic rice plants .
| | Author: Lee DK Seok SJ Jang IC Nahm BH Kim JK .
| | Journal: Mol .
Cells Citation: V : 8 ( 1 ) P : 101-6 Year: 1998 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub9571639 Accession (PMID): 9571639 | | Abstract: We designed a triprimer-PCR system for detection of transgenes and applied for analysis of two different kinds of transgenic rice plants , which were previously transformed with the plasmids pBY605RR or pARP7 containing a maize ribosome-inactivating protein gene , Zmcrip3a , and a herbicide-resistant gene , bar .
Genomic Southern-blot analysis demonstrated that the transgenes were stably inherited to their R1 progenies without changes in configuration .
The resulting data were used as a reference for triprimer-PCR analysis .
The triprimer-PCR system uses an endogenous gene as an internal standard which shares an identical priming site for one primer with a transgene while each of the other two primers is specific to either the transgene or the endogenous gene .
Triprimer-PCR analysis was carried out on genomic DNA isolated from 24 different progenies of the pBY605RR and the pARP7-transformed lines that contain different copy numbers of transgenes .
The RbcS : Zmcrip3a junction region of the pBY605RR integrated in rice chromosomes , together with the endogenous RbcS , was efficiently amplified , producing 440 and 250 bp expected PCR products .
Also , the Act1 : Zmcrip3a junction region of the transgene pARP7 with the endogenous Act1 was similarly amplified , producing 540 and 340 bp expected PCR products .
The two PCR products in each set of experiments were observed consistently and independently of copy numbers or rearrangements of the transgene .
Thus , the triprimer-PCR strategy may provide a rapid and reliable method for confirming transformation or analyzing segregation of transgenes at the molecular level . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 2.00 ]: The RbcS : Zmcrip3a junction region of the pBY605RR integrated in rice chromosomes , together with the endogenous RbcS , was efficiently amplified , producing 440 and 250 bp expected PCR products .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Light-regulated and cell-specific expression of tomato rbcS-gusA and rice rbcS-gusA fusion genes in transgenic rice .
| | Author: Kyozuka J McElroy D Hayakawa T Xie Y Wu R Shimamoto K | | Journal: Plant Physiol .
Citation: V : 102 ( 3 ) P : 991-1000 Year: 1993 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub8278540 Accession (PMID): 8278540 | | Abstract: A previously isolated rice ( Oryza sativa ) rbcS gene was further characterized .
This analysis revealed specific sequences in the 5 regulatory region of the rice rbcS gene that are conserved in rbcS genes of other monocotyledonous species .
In transgenic rice plants , we examined the expression of the beta-glucuronidase ( gusA ) reporter gene directed by the 2 . 8-kb promoter region of the rice rbcS gene .
To examine differences in the regulation of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous rbcS promoters , the activity of a tomato rbcS promoter was also investigated in transgenic rice plants .
Our results indicated that both rice and tomato rbcS promoters confer mesophyll-specific expression of the gusA reporter gene in transgenic rice plants and that this expression is induced by light .
However , the expression level of the rice rbcS-gusA gene was higher than that of the tomato rbcS-gusA gene , suggesting the presence of quantitative differences in the activity of these particular monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous rbcS promoters in transgenic rice .
Histochemical analysis of rbcS-gusA gene expression showed that the observed light induction was only found in mesophyll cells .
Furthermore , it was demonstrated that the light regulation of rice rbcS-gusA gene expression was primarily at the level of mRNA accumulation .
We show that the rice rbcS gene promoter should be useful for expression of agronomically important genes for genetic engineering of monocotyledonous species . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 2.00 ]: Light-regulated and cell-specific expression of tomato rbcS-gusA and rice rbcS-gusA fusion genes in transgenic rice .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Characterization of a zebra mutant of rice with increased susceptibility to light stress .
| | Author: Kusumi K Komori H Satoh H Iba K | | Journal: Plant Cell Physiol .
Citation: V : 41 ( 2 ) P : 158-64 Year: 2000 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10795309 Accession (PMID): 10795309 | | Abstract: The rice zebra mutant TCM248 is a single recessive mutant .
This mutant develops transverse-striped leaves with green and white sectors under alternate light/dark growth conditions .
Mutants that were grown under a higher light intensity during the light period showed a more intense striped phenotype .
The white it issues contained abnormal chloroplasts with few internal membrane structures , while the green it issues in the mutants contained normal chloroplasts .
The white it issue contained only trace amounts of Chls and carotenoids , and mRNA accumulation of nuclear genes encoding chloroplast proteins ( rbcS , cab ) was strongly suppressed compared to that in the wild type plants .
A series of growth condition shift experiments demonstrated that the mutant displayed the striped phenotype only if it was exposed to the alternate light/dark growth conditions during a limited stage of early leaf development .
These data suggest that the zebra gene is involved in the acquisition of photoprotective capacity of the plants and that this gene functions at an early stage of chloroplast differentiation . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The white it issue contained only trace amounts of Chls and carotenoids , and mRNA accumulation of nuclear genes encoding chloroplast proteins ( rbcS , cab ) was strongly suppressed compared to that in the wild type plants .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Photosynthesis , plant growth and N allocation in transgenic rice plants with decreased Rubisco under CO2 enrichment .
| | Author: Makino A Nakano H Mae T Shimada T Yamamoto N | | Journal: J Exp . Bot . Citation: V : 51 Spec No ( ) P : 383-9 Year: 2000 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10938846 Accession (PMID): 10938846 | | Abstract: Ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylase ( Rubisco ) efficiency for CO2-saturated photosynthesis was examined in leaves of rice ( Oryza sativa L ) .
The amount of Rubisco in a leaf was calculated to be 30-55% in excess for the light-saturated rate of photosynthesis at 100 Pa CO2 .
Long-term exposure to CO2 enrichment decreased the amount of Rubisco protein .
However , N was not reallocated from decreased Rubisco to other components limiting photosynthesis , and the decrease in Rubisco was simply due to a decrease in total leaf-N content by CO2 enrichment .
Thus , rice plants did not optimize N allocation into Rubisco at elevated CO2 .
Transgenic rice plants with decreased Rubisco were obtained by transformation with the rbcS antisense gene .
The transformant with 65% wild-type Rubisco was selected as a plant with optimal Rubisco content for CO2-saturated photosynthesis at the level of a single leaf .
This selected transgenic plant had 20% lower rates of photosynthesis at normal CO2 ( 36 Pa ) , but 5-15% higher rates of photosynthesis at elevated CO2 ( 100 Pa ) for a given leaf N content .
However , such transgenic plants did not necessarily show greater production of biomass even under conditions of CO2 enrichment .
Although they had a higher N-use efficiency for plant growth under such conditions during the middle stage of growth , the growth rate was lower during the early stage of growth .
Thus , improvement of N-use efficiency by a single leaf did not necessarily lead to greater production of biomass by the whole plant . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Transgenic rice plants with decreased Rubisco were obtained by transformation with the rbcS antisense gene .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Isolation and characterization of rice phytochrome A mutants .
| | Author: Takano M Kanegae H Shinomura T Miyao A Hirochika H Furuya M | | Journal: Plant Cell Citation: V : 13 ( 3 ) P : 521-34 Year: 2001 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11251094 Accession (PMID): 11251094 | | Abstract: To elucidate phytochrome A ( phyA ) function in rice , we screened a large population of retrotransposon ( Tos17 ) insertional mutants by polymerase chain reaction and isolated three independent phyA mutant lines .
Sequencing of the Tos17 insertion sites confirmed that the Tos17s interrupted exons of PHYA genes in these mutant lines .
Moreover , the phyA polypeptides were not immunochemically detectable in these phyA mutants .
The seedlings of phyA mutants grown in continuous far-red light showed essentially the same phenotype as dark-grown seedlings , indicating the insensitivity of phyA mutants to far-red light .
The etiolated seedlings of phyA mutants also were insensitive to a pulse of far-red light or very low fluence red light .
In contrast , phyA mutants were morphologically indistinguishable from wild type under continuous red light .
Therefore , rice phyA controls photomorphogenesis in two distinct modes of photoperception--far-red light-dependent high irradiance response and very low fluence response--and such function seems to be unique and restricted to the deetiolation process .
Interestingly , continuous far-red light induced the expression of CAB and RBCS genes in rice phyA seedlings , suggesting the existence of a photoreceptor ( s ) other than phyA that can perceive continuous far-red light in the etiolated seedlings . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Interestingly , continuous far-red light induced the expression of CAB and RBCS genes in rice phyA seedlings , suggesting the existence of a photoreceptor ( s ) other than phyA that can perceive continuous far-red light in the etiolated seedlings .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: An efficient method for extraction of RNA from rice leaves at different ages using benzyl chloride .
| | Author: Suzuki Y Makino A Mae T | | Journal: J Exp . Bot . Citation: V : 52 ( 360 ) P : 1575-9 Year: 2001 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11457918 Accession (PMID): 11457918 | | Abstract: With a conventional method of RNA extraction using an acid guanidinium thiocyanate-water-saturated phenol-chloroform mixture , extraction efficiency of extractable RNA to total RNA ( extractable RNA+ residual RNA ) in rice leaves at various ages was 54-69% .
With a new method , an improvement of the above , using benzyl chloride instead of water-saturated phenol together with further maceration with a small amount of quartz sand , the efficiency was increased to 81-95% .
When RNA fractions obtained with the improved method were subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis , intact bands of 25 S and 17 S rRNAs were detected .
With a DNA probe for rice rbcS , only a single band was observed on the blotted membrane .
These results indicate that the improved extraction method of RNA with benzyl chloride is useful for quantitative and qualitative analysis of RNA in plant it issues such as stiff leaves of rice . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: With a DNA probe for rice rbcS , only a single band was observed on the blotted membrane .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Isolation and characterization of triacontanol-regulated genes in rice ( Oryza sativa L ) : possible role of triacontanol as a plant growth stimulator .
| | Author: Chen X Yuan H Chen R Zhu L Du B Weng Q He G | | Journal: Plant Cell Physiol .
Citation: V : 43 ( 8 ) P : 869-76 Year: 2002 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12198189 Accession (PMID): 12198189 | | Abstract: Triacontanol ( TRIA ) is a saturated long-chain alcohol that is known to have a growth promoting activity when exogenously supplied to a number of plants .
In this study , dry weight , protein and chlorophyll contents of rice seedlings were increased by foliar application of TRIA .
Leaf net photosynthesis rate ( Pn ) was increased very quickly and persistently at a given photon flux density ( PFD ) .
The TRIA-regulated genes in rice were isolated from cDNA library by differential screening with probes generated from the forward and reverse-suppression subtractive hybridization ( SSH ) populations and confirmed by Northern blot .
Sequence analysis revealed that most of the up-regulated genes encoded the photosynthetic and photorespiratory proteins .
Two down-regulated genes were identified as those encoding an ABA and stress-related protein and a wounding-related protein .
These results suggested that TRIA up-regulated the photosynthesis process and suppressed stresses in rice plants .
Time-course profiles of expression of rbcS isogenes suggested the complex mechanisms involved in the regulation of photosynthesis promoted by TRIA . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Time-course profiles of expression of rbcS isogenes suggested the complex mechanisms involved in the regulation of photosynthesis promoted by TRIA .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Co-expression of a modified maize ribosome-inactivating protein and a rice basic chitinase gene in transgenic rice plants confers enhanced resistance to sheath blight .
| | Author: Kim JK Jang IC Wu R Zuo WN Boston RS Lee YH Ahn IP Nahm BH .
| | Journal: Transgenic Res .
Citation: V : 12 ( 4 ) P : 475-84 Year: 2003 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12885168 Accession (PMID): 12885168 | | Abstract: Chitinases , beta-1 , 3-glucanases , and ribosome-inactivating proteins are reported to have antifungal activity in plants .
With the aim of producing fungus-resistant transgenic plants , we co-expressed a modified maize ribosome-inactivating protein gene , MOD1 , and a rice basic chitinase gene , RCH10 , in transgenic rice plants .
A construct containing MOD1 and RCH10 under the control of the rice rbcS and Act1 promoters , respectively , was co-transformed with a plasmid containing the herbicide-resistance gene bar as a selection marker into rice by particle bombardment .
Several transformants analyzed by genomic Southern-blot hybridization demonstrated integration of multiple copies of the foreign gene into rice chromosomes .
Immunoblot experiments showed that MOD1 formed approximately 0 . 5% of the total soluble protein in transgenic leaves .
RCH10 expression was examined using the native polyacrylamide-overlay gel method , and high RCH10 activity was observed in leaf it issues where endogenous RCH10 is not expressed .
R1 plants were analyzed in a similar way , and the Southern-blot patterns and levels of transgene expression remained the same as in the parental line .
Analysis of the response of R2 plants to three fungal pathogens of rice , Rhizoctonia solani , Bipolaris oryzae , and Magnaporthe grisea , indicated statistically significant symptom reduction only in the case of R solani ( sheath blight ) .
The increased resistance co-segregated with herbicide tolerance , reflecting a correlation between the resistance phenotype and transgene expression . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: A construct containing MOD1 and RCH10 under the control of the rice rbcS and Act1 promoters , respectively , was co-transformed with a plasmid containing the herbicide-resistance gene bar as a selection marker into rice by particle bombardment .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Characterization of a gene encoding a DNA binding protein with specificity for a light-responsive element .
| | Author: Gilmartin PM Memelink J Hiratsuka K Kay SA Chua NH .
| | Journal: Plant Cell Citation: V : 4 ( 7 ) P : 839-49 Year: 1992 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub1392598 Accession (PMID): 1392598 | | Abstract: The sequence element of box II ( GTGTGGTTAATATG ) is a regulatory component of a light-responsive element present within the upstream region of pea rbcS-3A .
The nuclear protein GT-1 was defined previously as a DNA binding activity that interacts with box II .
Here , we describe the isolation and characterization of cDNA sequences that encode a DNA binding protein with specificity for this element .
The recombinant protein , tobacco GT-1a , shows similar sequence requirements for DNA binding to nuclear GT-1 , as assayed by its ability to interact with previously defined 2-bp scanning mutations of box II , and is shown to be immunologically related to nuclear GT-1 .
The predicted structure of the 43-kD protein derived from the cDNA sequence suggests the presence of a novel helix-helix-turn-helix ( HHTH ) motif .
Comparison between the predicted protein sequence encoded by the tobacco GT-1a cDNA and that of another GT binding protein , rice GT-2 , reveals strong amino acid conservation over the HHTH region ; this motif appears to be involved in the interaction between the recombinant protein and box II .
Genomic DNA gel blot analysis indicated the presence of a small gene family of related sequences within the tobacco nuclear genome .
RNA gel blot analysis of tobacco mRNA using the isolated cDNA as a probe showed that transcripts are present in several it issues , including both light-grown and dark-adapted leaves .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The sequence element of box II ( GTGTGGTTAATATG ) is a regulatory component of a light-responsive element present within the upstream region of pea rbcS-3A .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Differences between maize and rice in N-use efficiency for photosynthesis and protein allocation .
| | Author: Makino A Sakuma H Sudo E Mae T | | Journal: Plant Cell Physiol .
Citation: V : 44 ( 9 ) P : 952-6 Year: 2003 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub14519777 Accession (PMID): 14519777 | | Abstract: The N-use efficiency for photosynthesis was higher in a C ( 4 ) plant , maize , than in a C ( 3 ) plant , rice , including rbcS antisense rice with optimal ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylase ( Rubisco ) content for CO ( 2 ) -saturated photosynthesis , even when photosynthesis was measured under saturating CO ( 2 ) conditions .
The N cost for the C ( 4 ) cycle enzymes in maize was not large , and the lower amount of Rubisco allowed a greater N investment in the thylakoid components .
This greater content of the thylakoid components as well as the CO ( 2 ) concentrating mechanism may support higher N-use efficiency for photosynthesis in maize . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The N-use efficiency for photosynthesis was higher in a C ( 4 ) plant , maize , than in a C ( 3 ) plant , rice , including rbcS antisense rice with optimal ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylase ( Rubisco ) content for CO ( 2 ) -saturated photosynthesis , even when photosynthesis was measured under saturating CO ( 2 ) conditions .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: OsHAP3 genes regulate chloroplast biogenesis in rice .
| | Author: Miyoshi K Ito Y Serizawa A Kurata N | | Journal: Plant J Citation: V : 36 ( 4 ) P : 532-40 Year: 2003 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub14617083 Accession (PMID): 14617083 | | Abstract: We have isolated three genes that potentially encode a HAP3/nuclear factor-YB ( NF-YB ) /CCAAT binding factor-A ( CBF-A ) subunit of a CCAAT-box binding complex in rice ( Oryza sativa ) , and named them OsHAP3A , OsHAP3B and OsHAP3C .
These genes were expressed in various organs including leaves .
In the transgenic rice plants with antisense or RNAi construct of OsHAP3A , reduced expression of not only OsHAP3A but also OsHAP3B and OsHAP3C was observed .
These plants had pale green leaves , in which the amount of chlorophyll was reduced and chloroplasts were degenerated .
Lamella was not well developed and accumulation of starch was not detected .
The degenerated chloroplast formation was accompanied by reduced expression of nuclear-encoded photosynthesis genes such as RBCS and CAB , while expression of chloroplast-encoded genes was not affected or rather increased .
These results suggest that one or more OsHAP3 genes regulate the expression of nuclear-encoded chloroplast-targeted genes and normal development of chloroplasts . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: The degenerated chloroplast formation was accompanied by reduced expression of nuclear-encoded photosynthesis genes such as RBCS and CAB , while expression of chloroplast-encoded genes was not affected or rather increased .
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| Title: Analysis of GT-3a identifies a distinct subgroup of trihelix DNA-binding transcription factors in Arabidopsis .
| | Author: Ayadi M Delaporte V Li YF Zhou DX .
| | Journal: FEBS Lett .
Citation: V : 562 ( 1-3 ) P : 147-54 Year: 2004 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15044016 Accession (PMID): 15044016 | | Abstract: Trihelix DNA-binding factors ( or GT factors ) bind to GT elements found in the promoters of many plant genes .
Although the binding specificity and the transcriptional activity of some members ( eg GT-1 and GT-2 ) have been studied , the regulatory function of this family of transcription factors remains largely unknown .
In this work , we have characterised a new GT factor , namely GT-3a , and a closely related member , GT-3b .
We show that ( 1 ) they can form either homo or heterodimers but do not interact with GT-1 ; ( 2 ) they are predominantly expressed in floral buds and roots ; ( 3 ) GT-3a can not bind to the binding sites of GT-1 or GT-2 , but binds to the cab2 and rbcS-1A gene promoters via the 5-GTTAC sequence , which has been previously shown to be the core of the Site 1 type of GT elements .
These results suggest that GT-3a and GT-3b belong to a distinct subgroup of GT factors and that each subgroup of GT factors binds to a functionally distinct type of cis-acting GT elements .
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[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: We show that ( 1 ) they can form either homo or heterodimers but do not interact with GT-1 ; ( 2 ) they are predominantly expressed in floral buds and roots ; ( 3 ) GT-3a can not bind to the binding sites of GT-1 or GT-2 , but binds to the cab2 and rbcS-1A gene promoters via the 5-GTTAC sequence , which has been previously shown to be the core of the Site 1 type of GT elements .
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| Title: Changes in the thermal dissipation and the electron flow in the water-water cycle in rice grown under conditions of physiologically low temperature .
| | Author: Hirotsu N Makino A Ushio A Mae T | | Journal: Plant Cell Physiol .
Citation: V : 45 ( 5 ) P : 635-44 Year: 2004 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15169946 Accession (PMID): 15169946 | | Abstract: Effects of low temperature on chlorophyll ( Chl ) fluorescence , gas exchange rate , the amounts of xanthophyll cycle pigments ( Xp ) and the activities of several antioxidant enzymes were examined in the 8th leaf of two rice ( Oryza sativa L ) cultivars ( japonica and indica types ) and rbcS antisense rice .
All plants were grown hydroponically at 25/20 degrees C ( day/night ) , and then exposed to 20/17 degrees C ( day/night ) after full expansion of the 8th leaf , or exposed to either 20/17 degrees C or 15/13 degrees C ( day/night ) during the expansion of the 8th leaf .
All plants exposed to low temperatures showed a decrease in CO ( 2 ) assimilation rate without photoinhibition , and increases in the fraction of thermal dissipation in PSII , and in the electron flux through the water-water cycle ( WWC ) were observed .
Although the increase of thermal dissipation was associated with increases in the ratio of carotenoids to Chl , the ratio of Xp to carotenoids and the de-epoxidation state of Xp , the increase of the electron flux of WWC was not accompanied by an increase in the activities of antioxidant enzymes .
Such photoprotective responses did not differ between during and after full expansion of the leaf , and did not differ among the three genotypes .
Quantitative analyses on the dissipation of excess light energy showed that thermal dissipation makes a larger contribution than WWC .
Thus , although low temperature led to a decrease in CO ( 2 ) assimilation , rice potentially coped with the excess light energy by increasing the thermal dissipation and the electron flux of WWC under low temperature irrespective of leaf development and genotypes . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Effects of low temperature on chlorophyll ( Chl ) fluorescence , gas exchange rate , the amounts of xanthophyll cycle pigments ( Xp ) and the activities of several antioxidant enzymes were examined in the 8th leaf of two rice ( Oryza sativa L ) cultivars ( japonica and indica types ) and rbcS antisense rice .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
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| Title: The virescent-2 mutation inhibits translation of plastid transcripts for the plastid genetic system at an early stage of chloroplast differentiation .
| | Author: Sugimoto H Kusumi K Tozawa Y Yazaki J Kishimoto N Kikuchi S Iba K | | Journal: Plant Cell Physiol .
Citation: V : 45 ( 8 ) P : 985-96 Year: 2004 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15356324 Accession (PMID): 15356324 | | Abstract: The rice virescent-2 mutant ( v ( 2 ) ) is temperature conditional and develops chlorotic , chloroplast-deficient leaves at the restrictive temperature .
In the v ( 2 ) mutant , plastid-encoded proteins involved in photosynthesis and plastid transcriptional regulation were not detectable at any time during chloroplast differentiation .
However , the plastid transcripts for these two classes of proteins behaved differently in the mutant , with those for the plastid transcription/translation apparatus accumulating to wild-type levels and those for photosynthetic apparatus being suppressed .
Polysome analysis showed that translation of the plastid transcripts encoding the plastid transcription/translation apparatus was blocked at an early stage of chloroplast differentiation .
Accumulation of transcripts of nuclear-encoded photosynthetic genes , such as cab and rbcS , was strongly suppressed in the mutant at later stages of chloroplast differentiation , whereas transcripts of genes for the plastid transcription apparatus , such as OsRpoTp and OsSIG2A , accumulated to abnormally high levels at these stages .
These results suggest that activation of the plastid translation machinery at an early stage of chloroplast differentiation is important for triggering the transmission of information about plastid developmental state to the nucleus , which in turn is required for the induction of nuclear-encoded chloroplast proteins at later stages of chloroplast differentiation . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Accumulation of transcripts of nuclear-encoded photosynthetic genes , such as cab and rbcS , was strongly suppressed in the mutant at later stages of chloroplast differentiation , whereas transcripts of genes for the plastid transcription apparatus , such as OsRpoTp and OsSIG2A , accumulated to abnormally high levels at these stages .
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| Title: Light-regulated overexpression of an Arabidopsis phytochrome A gene in rice alters plant architecture and increases grain yield .
| | Author: Garg AK Sawers RJ Wang H Kim JK Walker JM Brutnell TP Parthasarathy MV Vierstra RD Wu RJ .
| | Journal: Planta Citation: V : 223 ( 4 ) P : 627-36 Year: 2006 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16136335 Accession (PMID): 16136335 | | Abstract: The phytochromes are a family of red/far-red light absorbing photoreceptors that control plant developmental and metabolic processes in response to changes in the light environment .
We report here the overexpression of Arabidopsis thaliana PHYTOCHROME A ( PHYA ) gene in a commercially important indica rice variety ( Oryza sativa L Pusa Basmati-1 ) .
The expression of the transgene was driven by the light-regulated and it issue-specific rice rbcS promoter .
Several independent homozygous sixth generation ( T ( 5 ) ) transgenic lines were characterized and shown to accumulate relatively high levels of PHYA protein in the light .
Under both far-red and red light , PHYA-overexpressing lines showed inhibition of the coleoptile extension in comparison to non-transgenic seedlings .
Furthermore , compared with non-transgenic rice plants , mature transgenic plants showed significant reduction in plant height , internode length and internode diameter ( including differences in cell size and number ) , and produced an increased number of panicles per plant .
Under greenhouse conditions , rice grain yield was 6-21% higher in three PHYA-overexpressing lines than in non-transgenic plants .
These results demonstrate the potential of manipulating light signal-transduction pathways to minimize the problems of lodging in basmati/aromatic rice and to enhance grain productivity . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The expression of the transgene was driven by the light-regulated and it issue-specific rice rbcS promoter .
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| Title: Temperature response of photosynthesis in transgenic rice transformed with sense or antisense rbcS .
| | Author: Makino A Sage RF | | Journal: Plant Cell Physiol Citation: V : 48 P : 1472-83 Year: 2007 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17804480 Accession (PMID): 17804480 | | Abstract: The responses of chlorophyll fluorescence , gas exchange rate and Rubisco activation state to temperature were examined in transgenic rice plants with 130 and 35% of the wild-type ( WT ) Rubisco content by transformation with rbcS cDNA in sense and antisense orientations , respectively .
Although the optimal temperatures of PSII quantum efficiency and CO ( 2 ) assimilation were found to be between 25 and 32 degrees C , the maximal activation state of Rubisco was found to be between 16 and 20 degrees C in all genotypes .
The Rubisco flux control coefficient was also the highest between 16 and 20 degrees C in the WT and antisense lines [ >0 . 88 at an intercellular CO ( 2 ) pressure ( Ci ) of 28 Pa ] .
Gross photosynthesis at Ci = 28 Pa per Rubisco content in the WT between 12 and 20 degrees C was close to that of the antisense lines where high Rubisco control is present .
Thus , Rubisco activity most strongly limited photosynthesis at cool temperatures .
These results indicated that a selective enhancement of Rubisco content can enhance photosynthesis at cool temperatures , but in the sense line with enhanced Rubisco content Pi regeneration limitation occurred .
Above 20 degrees C , the Rubisco flux control coefficient declined .
This decline was associated with a decline in Rubisco activation .
The activation state of Rubisco measured at each temperature decreased with increasing Rubisco content , and the slope of activation to Rubisco content was independent of temperature .
We discuss the possibility that the decline in Rubisco activation at intermediate and high temperatures is part of a regulated response to a limitation in other photosynthetic processes .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The responses of chlorophyll fluorescence , gas exchange rate and Rubisco activation state to temperature were examined in transgenic rice plants with 130 and 35% of the wild-type ( WT ) Rubisco content by transformation with rbcS cDNA in sense and antisense orientations , respectively .
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| Title: Development of insect-resistant transgenic rice with Cry1C*-free endosperm .
| | Author: Ye R Huang H Yang Z Chen T Liu L Li X Chen H Lin Y | | Journal: Pest Manag Sci Citation: V : P : Year: 2009 Type: Publisher | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19479952 Accession (PMID): 19479952 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : Yellow stem borer ( Tryporyza incertulas Walker ) , striped stem borer ( Chilo suppressalis Walker ) and leaf folder ( Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenec ) are three lepidopteran pests that cause severe damage to rice in many areas of the world .
In this study , novel insect-resistant transgenic rice was developed in which Bt protein expression was nearly absent in the endosperm .
The resistant gene , cry1C* , driven by the rice rbcS promoter ( small subunit of ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase ) , was introduced into Zhonghua 11 ( Oryza sativa L ssp . japonica ) by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation . RESULTS : A total of 83 independent transformants were obtained , 19 of which were characterised as single-copy foreign gene insertion .
After preliminary screening of the T ( 1 ) families of these 19 transformants in the field , six highly insect-resistant homozygous lines were selected .
These six homozygous transgenic lines were field tested for resistance to leaf folders and stem borers , and for their agronomic performance .
The Cry1C* protein levels in leaves and endosperm were measured by ELISA .
Subsequently , the elite transgenic line RJ5 was selected ; this line not only possessed high resistance to leaf folders and stem borers , normal agronomic performance , but also Cry1C* expression was only 2 . 6 ng g ( -1 ) in the endosperm . CONCLUSION : These results indicated that RJ5 has the potential for widespread utility in rice production .
Copyright ( c ) 2009 Society of Chemical Industry .
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[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The resistant gene , cry1C* , driven by the rice rbcS promoter ( small subunit of ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase ) , was introduced into Zhonghua 11 ( Oryza sativa L ssp . japonica ) by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation . RESULTS : A total of 83 independent transformants were obtained , 19 of which were characterised as single-copy foreign gene insertion .
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| Title: Changes of red blood cell surface markers in a blood doping model of neocytolysis .
| | Author: Chang CC Chen Y Modi K Awar O Alfrey C Rice L | | Journal: J Investig Med Citation: V : 57 P : 650-4 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19491629 Accession (PMID): 19491629 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : Neocytolysis , the selective hemolysis of young circulating red blood cells ( RBCs ) , contributes to the physiologic control of red cell mass and to pathophysiologic phenomena such as anemia of renal disease , anemia after spaceflight , and blood doping by athletes .
Progress in understanding the process is hampered by the lack of established markers to distinguish young from older RBC .
METHODS : Twelve potentially informative RBC surface markers were assayed by flow cytometry in normal blood samples , and 4 were preferentially expressed in young RBC .
To create a model of neocytolysis , 3 normal volunteers had recombinant human erythropoietin ( rhEpo ) administered until mild erythrocytosis occurred , then were studied upon rhEpo withdrawal RESULTS : Neocytolysis ensued that most evident from a rapid rise in serum ferritin as the iron from young RBC was transferred back to stores .
Five additional volunteers had surface markers monitored during and after rhEpo administration .
Three subjects with marginal baseline iron stores had blunted response to rhEpo , no significant neocytolysis , and no change in RBC surface marker expression .
Two subjects with adequate baseline iron stores developed erythrocytosis followed by neocytolysis .
Decreased expression of CD44 ( homing-associated cell adhesion molecule ) and CD71 ( transferrin receptor ) seemed to correlate best with neocytolysis ; CD35 ( complement receptor ) less so .
Of note , further studies are needed to determine if these changes are causative of red cell destruction .
CONCLUSION : This study begins to establish a human model of neocytolysis , to establish markers differentiating young and old RBC , and to establish a basis for better definition of the process .
Although our study is preliminary , the results support the possibility that flow could be useful to detect blood doping because neocytolysis should predictably occur in athletes who surreptitiously blood dope .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: BACKGROUND : Neocytolysis , the selective hemolysis of young circulating red blood cells ( RBCs ) , contributes to the physiologic control of red cell mass and to pathophysiologic phenomena such as anemia of renal disease , anemia after spaceflight , and blood doping by athletes .
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| Title: Evidence for a role of hexokinases as conserved glucose sensors in both monocot and dicot plant species .
| | Author: Cho JI Ryoo N Hahn TR Jeon JS | | Journal: Plant Signal Behav Citation: V : 4 P : Year: 2009 Type: Publisher | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19826213 Accession (PMID): 19826213 | | Abstract: The role of the hexokinases ( HXKs ) as glucose ( Glc ) sensors has been mainly demonstrated for Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana ) HXK1 ( AtHXK1 ) but has yet to be shown in other plant species .
In our recent publication , we reported that two rice ( Oryza sativa ) HXKs , OsHXK5 and OsHXK6 , also function as Glc sensors .
These two enzymes harbor both mitochondrial targeting peptides ( mTPs ) and nuclear localization signals ( NLSs ) , and we confirmed their dual-targeting ability to nuclei and mitochondria using GFP fusion experiments .
Consistently , it has been previously known that AtHXK1 is predominantly associated with mitochondria but is also present in nuclei in vivo at appreciable levels .
Notably , the expression of OsHXK5 , OsHXK6 , or their catalytically inactive mutant alleles complemented the Arabidopsis glucose insensitive2 ( gin2 ) mutant .
In addition , transgenic rice plants overexpressing OsHXK5 or OsHXK6 exhibited hypersensitive plant growth retardation and enhanced repression of the Rubisco small subunit ( RbcS ) gene in response to glucose treatment .
Our results thus provided evidence that OsHXK5 and OsHXK6 can function as glucose sensors in rice .
Hence , the available current data suggest that the role of the HXKs as Glc sensors may be conserved in both monocot and dicot plant species , and that the nuclear localization of AtHXK1 , OsHXK5 and OsHXK6 may be critical for Glc sensing and signaling .
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[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: In addition , transgenic rice plants overexpressing OsHXK5 or OsHXK6 exhibited hypersensitive plant growth retardation and enhanced repression of the Rubisco small subunit ( RbcS ) gene in response to glucose treatment .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
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| Title: Evidence for a role of hexokinases as conserved glucose sensors in both monocot and dicot plant species .
| | Author: Cho JI Ryoo N Hahn TR Jeon JS | | Journal: Plant Signal Behav Citation: V : 4 P : 908-10 Year: 2009 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19938377 Accession (PMID): 19938377 | | Abstract: The role of the hexokinases ( HXKs ) as glucose ( Glc ) sensors has been mainly demonstrated for Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana ) HXK1 ( AtHXK1 ) but has yet to be shown in other plant species .
In our recent publication , we reported that two rice ( Oryza sativa ) HXKs , OsHXK5 and OsHXK6 , also function as Glc sensors .
These two enzymes harbor both mitochondrial targeting peptides ( mTPs ) and nuclear localization signals ( NLSs ) , and we confirmed their dual-targeting ability to nuclei and mitochondria using GFP fusion experiments .
Consistently , it has been previously known that AtHXK1 is predominantly associated with mitochondria but is also present in nuclei in vivo at appreciable levels .
Notably , the expression of OsHXK5 , OsHXK6 , or their catalytically inactive mutant alleles complemented the Arabidopsis glucose insensitive2 ( gin2 ) mutant .
In addition , transgenic rice plants overexpressing OsHXK5 or OsHXK6 exhibited hypersensitive plant growth retardation and enhanced repression of the Rubisco small subunit ( RbcS ) gene in response to glucose treatment .
Our results thus provided evidence that OsHXK5 and OsHXK6 can function as glucose sensors in rice .
Hence , the available current data suggest that the role of the HXKs as Glc sensors may be conserved in both monocot and dicot plant species , and that the nuclear localization of AtHXK1 , OsHXK5 and OsHXK6 may be critical for Glc sensing and signaling .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: In addition , transgenic rice plants overexpressing OsHXK5 or OsHXK6 exhibited hypersensitive plant growth retardation and enhanced repression of the Rubisco small subunit ( RbcS ) gene in response to glucose treatment .
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| Title: A highly efficient rice green it issue protoplast system for transient gene expression and studying light/chloroplast-related processes .
| | Author: Zhang Y Su J Duan S Ao Y Dai J Liu J Wang P Li Y Liu B Feng D Wang J Wang H | | Journal: Plant Methods Citation: V : 7 P : 30 Year: 2011 Type: PubMed-not-MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21961694 Accession (PMID): 21961694 | | Abstract: ABSTRACT : BACKGROUND : Plant protoplasts , a proven physiological and versatile cell system , are widely used in high-throughput analysis and functional characterization of genes .
Green protoplasts have been successfully used in investigations of plant signal transduction pathways related to hormones , metabolites and environmental challenges .
In rice , protoplasts are commonly prepared from suspension cultured cells or etiolated seedlings , but only a few studies have explored the use of protoplasts from rice green it issue .
RESULTS : Here , we report a simplified method for isolating protoplasts from normally cultivated young rice green it issue without the need for unnecessary chemicals and a vacuum device .
Transfections of the generated protoplasts with plasmids of a wide range of sizes ( 4 . 5-13 kb ) and co-transfections with multiple plasmids achieved impressively high efficiencies and allowed evaluations by 1 ) protein immunoblotting analysis , 2 ) subcellular localization assays , and 3 ) protein-protein interaction analysis by bimolecular fluorescence complementation ( BiFC ) and firefly luciferase complementation ( FLC ) .
Importantly , the rice green it issue protoplasts were photosynthetically active and sensitive to the retrograde plastid signaling inducer norflurazon ( NF ) .
Transient expression of the GFP-tagged light-related transcription factor OsGLK1 markedly upregulated transcript levels of the endogeneous photosynthetic genes OsLhcb1 , OsLhcp , GADPH and RbcS , which were reduced to some extent by NF treatment in the rice green it issue protoplasts .
CONCLUSIONS : We show here a simplified and highly efficient transient gene expression system using photosynthetically active rice green it issue protoplasts and its broad applications in protein immunoblot , localization and protein-protein interaction assays .
These rice green it issue protoplasts will be particularly useful in studies of light/chloroplast-related processes .
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[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Transient expression of the GFP-tagged light-related transcription factor OsGLK1 markedly upregulated transcript levels of the endogeneous photosynthetic genes OsLhcb1 , OsLhcp , GADPH and RbcS , which were reduced to some extent by NF treatment in the rice green it issue protoplasts .
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| Title: Overexpression of rubisco activase decreases the photosynthetic CO2 assimilation rate by reducing rubisco content in rice leaves .
| | Author: Fukayama H Ueguchi C Nishikawa K Katoh N Ishikawa C Masumoto C Hatanaka T Misoo S | | Journal: Plant Cell Physiol Citation: V : 53 P : 976-86 Year: 2012 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22470057 Accession (PMID): 22470057 | | Abstract: The effects of overexpression of Rubisco activase on photosynthesis were studied in transgenic rice expressing barley or maize Rubisco activase .
Immunoblot and SDS-PAGE analyses showed that transgenic lines from both gene constructs expressed the foreign Rubisco activase at high levels .
The activation state of Rubisco in transgenic lines was slightly higher than that in non-transgenic plants ( NT ) .
In addition , light activation of Rubisco was significantly more rapid in transgenic lines compared with NT .
These findings indicate that the overexpression of Rubisco activase can enhance Rubisco activation .
However , despite enhanced activation of Rubisco in these transgenic plants , the CO ( 2 ) assimilation rate at ambient CO ( 2 ) conditions was decreased .
This decrease in CO ( 2 ) assimilation rate was observed in both young developing and mature leaves independent of nitrogen nutrition .
The contents of nitrogen and Chl did not differ significantly between transformants and NT ; however , Rubisco content was substantially decreased in transgenic lines .
There was no evidence for reduced transcription of RbcS or RbcL in these transgenic lines ; in fact , transcript levels were marginally increased compared with NT .
These results indicate that the overexpression of Rubisco activase leads to a decrease in Rubisco content , possibly due to post-transcriptional mechanisms .
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[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: There was no evidence for reduced transcription of RbcS or RbcL in these transgenic lines ; in fact , transcript levels were marginally increased compared with NT .
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| Title: The promoter of rbcS in a C3 plant ( rice ) directs organ-specific , light-dependent expression in a C4 plant ( maize ) , but does not confer bundle sheath cell-specific expression .
| | Author: Nomura M Katayama K Nishimura A Ishida Y Ohta S Komari T Miyao-Tokutomi M Tajima S Matsuoka M | | Journal: Plant Mol . Biol . Citation: V : 44 ( 1 ) P : 99-106 Year: 2000 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub11094984 Accession (PMID): 11094984 | | Abstract: The small subunit of ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase ( Rubisco ) , encoded by rbcS , is essential for photosynthesis in both C3 and C4 plants , even though the cell specificity of rbcS expression is different between C3 and C4 plants .
The C3 rbcS is specifically expressed in mesophyll cells , while the C4 rbcS is expressed in bundle sheath cells , and not mesophyll cells .
Two chimeric genes were constructed consisting of the structural gene encoding beta-glucuronidase ( GUS ) controlled by the two promoters from maize ( C4 ) and rice ( C3 ) rbcS genes .
These constructs were introduced into a C4 plant , maize .
Both chimeric genes were specifically expressed in photosynthetic organs , such as leaf blade , but not in non-photosynthetic organs .
The expressions of the genes were also regulated by light .
However , the rice promoter drove the GUS activity mainly in mesophyll cells and relatively low in bundle sheath cells , while the maize rbcS promoter induced the activity specifically in bundle sheath cells .
These results suggest that the rice promoter contains some cis-acting elements responding in an organ-specific and light-inducible regulation manner in maize but does not contain element ( s ) for bundle sheath cell-specific expression , while the maize promoter does contain such element ( s ) .
Based on this result , we discuss the similarities and differences between the rice ( C3 ) and maize ( C4 ) rbcS promoter in terms of the evolution of the C4 photosynthetic gene . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The promoter of rbcS in a C3 plant ( rice ) directs organ-specific , light-dependent expression in a C4 plant ( maize ) , but does not confer bundle sheath cell-specific expression .
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| Title: Does Decrease in Ribulose-1 , 5-Bisphosphate Carboxylase by Antisense RbcS Lead to a Higher N-Use Efficiency of Photosynthesis under Conditions of Saturating CO2 and Light in Rice Plants?
| | Author: Makino A Shimada T Takumi S Kaneko K Matsuoka M Shimamoto K Nakano H Miyao-Tokutomi M Mae T Yamamoto N | | Journal: Citation: V : 114 ( 2 ) P : 483-491 Year: 1997 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub12223722 Accession (PMID): 12223722 | | Abstract: Rice ( Oryza sativa L ) plants with decreased ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylase ( Rubisco ) were obtained by transformation with the rice rbcS antisense gene under the control of the rice rbcS promoter .
The primary transformants were screened for the Rubisco to leaf N ratio , and the transformant with 65% wild-type Rubisco was selected as a plant set with optimal Rubisco content at saturating CO2 partial pressures for photosynthesis under conditions of high irradiance and 25 [ deg ] C This optimal Rubisco content was estimated from the amounts and kinetic constants of Rubisco and the gas-exchange data .
The R1 selfed progeny of the selected transformant were grown hydroponically with different N concentrations .
Rubisco content in the R1 population was distributed into two groups : 56 plants had about 65% wild-type Rubisco , whereas 23 plants were very similar to the wild type .
Although the plants with decreased Rubisco showed 20% lower rates of light-saturated photosynthesis in normal air ( 36 Pa CO2 ) , they had 5 to 15% higher rates of photosynthesis in elevated partial pressures of CO2 , ( 100-115 Pa CO2 ) than the wild-type plants for a given leaf N content .
We conclude that the rice plants with 65% wild-type Rubisco show a higher N-use efficiency of photosynthesis under conditions of saturating CO2 and high irradiance . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Does Decrease in Ribulose-1 , 5-Bisphosphate Carboxylase by Antisense RbcS Lead to a Higher N-Use Efficiency of Photosynthesis under Conditions of Saturating CO2 and Light in Rice Plants?
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| Title: [ Specific expression of the foreign gene regulated by the rice rbcS promoter in transgenic rice ] | | Author: Liu QQ Yu HX Zhang WJ Wang HM Gu MH .
| | Journal: Zhi Wu Sheng Li Yu Fen Zi Sheng Wu Xue Xue Bao Citation: V : 31 ( 3 ) P : 247-53 Year: 2005 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub15961898 Accession (PMID): 15961898 | | Abstract: To use different types of promoters in transgenic rice research , the 5-upstream regulation region of rice Rubisco small subunit gene ( rbcS ) was cloned from a Chinese cultivar Wuyunjing 8 , and its sequences were confirmed by comparison with the known genome sequences of both japonica and indica rice .
The cloned rbcS promoter was fused to the 5-upstream of GUS ( beta-glucuronidase ) coding region in a binary vector , and introduced into rice by Agrogacterium-mediated transformation .
The integration of the rbcS-GUS fusion gene in transgenic rice was confirmed by PCR analysis .
The results of both histochemical staining and quantitative analysis of GUS activity showed that the expression level of GUS fusion gene was significantly stronger in leaf blade and sheath than in other organs of transgenic rice plants , and the GUS activity was restricted to the mesophyll cells of leaf it issue , which showed that the rice rbcS promoter could control not only the it issue but also the cell-specific expression of foreign genes in transgenic rice .
The present results also demonstrated that light induction had a significant effect on the enhancement of transgenes expression when regulated by the rice rbcS promoter in transgenic rice .
Our results showed that the rice rbcS promoter might be very useful for the expression of target genes in transgenic rice , with particularly high efficiency in leaf it issues .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: [ Specific expression of the foreign gene regulated by the rice rbcS promoter in transgenic rice ]
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| Title: Increased Rubisco Content in Transgenic Rice Transformed with the Sense rbcS Gene .
| | Author: Suzuki Y Ohkubo M Hatakeyama H Ohashi K Yoshizawa R Kojima S Hayakawa T Yamaya T Mae T Makino A | | Journal: Plant Cell Physiol .
Citation: V : 48 ( 4 ) P : 626-37 Year: 2007 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub17379698 Accession (PMID): 17379698 | | Abstract: Rice ( Oryza sativa L ) plants with substantially increased Rubisco content were obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation with the rice rbcS sense gene under the control of the rice rbcS promoter .
The primary transformants were screened for the ratio of Rubisco to leaf-N content , and the transformants with >120% wild-type levels of Rubisco were selected .
In the progeny of the selected lines of the transformants , the mRNA levels of one member of the rbcS gene family were increased from 3 . 9 to 6 . 2-fold , whereas those of other members of the rbcS gene family were unchanged .
The total levels of rbcS mRNA were increased from 2 . 1 to 2 . 8-fold .
The levels of rbcL mRNA were increased from 1 . 2 to 1 . 9-fold .
Rubisco protein content was significantly increased by 30% on a leaf area basis .
The ratio of Rubisco-N to leaf-N was also increased by 10-20% , irrespective of N treatment .
The specific activity of Rubisco per unit of enzyme protein was not different .
However , light-saturated photosynthesis was not enhanced even when the rate was measured at low [ CO ( 2 ) ] where Rubisco becomes limiting for photosynthesis .
Some lines showed lower photosynthesis at high [ CO ( 2 ) ] ( >60 Pa ) .
We conclude that introduction of additional sense rbcS leads to overexpression of rbcS and that this overexpression slightly up-regulates the gene expression of rbcL at the transcript level and enhances the amount of Rubisco holoenzyme .
However , overproduction of Rubisco protein does not improve photosynthesis .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Increased Rubisco Content in Transgenic Rice Transformed with the Sense rbcS Gene .
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| Title: [ Expression of the GUS fusion gene controlled by the tomato rbcS3A promoter in transgenic rice ] | | Author: Liu QQ Yu HX Zhang WJ Gong ZY Gu MH | | Journal: Zhi Wu Sheng Li Yu Fen Zi Sheng Wu Xue Xue Bao Citation: V : 33 P : 251-7 Year: 2007 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub17556813 Accession (PMID): 17556813 | | Abstract: To use different types of promoters in transgenic rice research , the 1 . 1 kb 5-upstream regulation region of one of the tomato ( Solanum tuberosum L ) Rubisco small subunit gene , rbcS3A , was cloned and its sequences were confirmed by comparison with the known sequences in GenBank .
The cloned rbcS3A promoter was fused to the 5-upstream of GUS ( beta-glucuronidase ) coding region in a binary vector , and introduced into an elite japonica rice variety by Agrogacterium-mediated transformation .
The integration of the GUS fusion gene into the genome of transgenic rice was confirmed by both PCR and Southern blot analysis .
The results of both histochemical staining and quantitative analysis of GUS activity showed that the expression level of GUS fusion gene was significantly stronger in stem , leaf blade and sheath than in other organs of transgenic rice plants , and showed highest in the stem , which implies that the tomato rbcS3A promoter can make it issue-specific , in particular in the stem , expression of foreign genes in transgenic rice .
The results present here also demonstrate that light induction had no effect on the expression of the foreign gene when regulated by the tomato rbcS3A promoter in transgenic rice .
Our results show that the cloned tomato rbcS3A promoter might be very useful for the expression of target genes in transgenic rice , with particularly high efficiency in stem it issues .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: [ Expression of the GUS fusion gene controlled by the tomato rbcS3A promoter in transgenic rice ]
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| Title: Temperature response of photosynthesis in transgenic rice transformed with sense or antisense rbcS .
| | Author: Makino A Sage RF | | Journal: Plant Cell Physiol Citation: V : 48 P : 1472-83 Year: 2007 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub17804480 Accession (PMID): 17804480 | | Abstract: The responses of chlorophyll fluorescence , gas exchange rate and Rubisco activation state to temperature were examined in transgenic rice plants with 130 and 35% of the wild-type ( WT ) Rubisco content by transformation with rbcS cDNA in sense and antisense orientations , respectively .
Although the optimal temperatures of PSII quantum efficiency and CO ( 2 ) assimilation were found to be between 25 and 32 degrees C , the maximal activation state of Rubisco was found to be between 16 and 20 degrees C in all genotypes .
The Rubisco flux control coefficient was also the highest between 16 and 20 degrees C in the WT and antisense lines [ >0 . 88 at an intercellular CO ( 2 ) pressure ( Ci ) of 28 Pa ] .
Gross photosynthesis at Ci = 28 Pa per Rubisco content in the WT between 12 and 20 degrees C was close to that of the antisense lines where high Rubisco control is present .
Thus , Rubisco activity most strongly limited photosynthesis at cool temperatures .
These results indicated that a selective enhancement of Rubisco content can enhance photosynthesis at cool temperatures , but in the sense line with enhanced Rubisco content Pi regeneration limitation occurred .
Above 20 degrees C , the Rubisco flux control coefficient declined .
This decline was associated with a decline in Rubisco activation .
The activation state of Rubisco measured at each temperature decreased with increasing Rubisco content , and the slope of activation to Rubisco content was independent of temperature .
We discuss the possibility that the decline in Rubisco activation at intermediate and high temperatures is part of a regulated response to a limitation in other photosynthetic processes .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Temperature response of photosynthesis in transgenic rice transformed with sense or antisense rbcS .
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| Title: Rubisco content and photosynthesis of leaves at different positions in transgenic rice with an overexpression of RBCS .
| | Author: Suzuki Y Miyamoto T Yoshizawa R Mae T Makino A | | Journal: Plant Cell Environ Citation: V : 32 P : 417-27 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub19183297 Accession (PMID): 19183297 | | Abstract: As ribulose 1 . 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase ( Rubisco ) activity limits light-saturated photosynthesis under present atmospheric condition , the effects of an overexpression of RBCSon Rubisco content and photosynthesis were examined in the leaves at different positions in rice ( Oryza sativa L ) .
Rubisco content in the transformant was significantly greater in the uppermost , fully expanded leaves but decreased to levels similar to those in wild-type plants in the lower leaves .
The mRNA levels of total RBCS and rbcL in these leaves were much less than those in the expanding leaves , where Rubisco synthesis is active , suggesting commensurately low level of synthesis .
Although the activation state of Rubisco was lower in the uppermost , fully expanded leaves of the transformant , it recovered to its full level in the lower leaves .
As a result , the photosynthetic rate did not differ in leaves at the same position between the transformant and the wild type .
Similarly , whole plant biomass did not differ between these genotypes .
Thus , we conclude that although the overexpression of RBCS led to an enhancement of Rubisco protein content in the uppermost , fully expanded leaves , it does not result in increased photosynthetic rates or plant biomass , because of an apparent down-regulation in its activation state .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rubisco content and photosynthesis of leaves at different positions in transgenic rice with an overexpression of RBCS .
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| Title: Differences in expression of the RBCS multigene family and rubisco protein content in various rice plant it issues at different growth stages .
| | Author: Suzuki Y Nakabayashi K Yoshizawa R Mae T Makino A | | Journal: Plant Cell Physiol Citation: V : 50 P : 1851-5 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub19720627 Accession (PMID): 19720627 | | Abstract: Four out of five members of the RBCS multigene family ( OsRBCS2-OsRBCS5 ) were highly expressed in leaf blades of rice ( Oryza sativa L ) irrespective of plant growth stage , whereas accumulation of all RBCS mRNAs in leaf sheaths , roots and developing spikelets was quite low .
A highly positive correlation was observed between total RBCS and RBCL mRNA levels and Rubisco content at their maxima , irrespective of it issue and growth stage .
The results indicate that the total RBCS mRNA level may be a primary determinant for maximal Rubisco protein content and that Rubisco gene expression is well coordinated through the whole life of rice .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Differences in expression of the RBCS multigene family and rubisco protein content in various rice plant it issues at different growth stages .
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| Title: Effect of individual suppression of RBCS multigene family on Rubisco contents in rice leaves .
| | Author: Ogawa S Suzuki Y Yoshizawa R Kanno K Makino A | | Journal: Plant Cell Environ Citation: V : 35 P : 546-53 Year: 2012 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub21951138 Accession (PMID): 21951138 | | Abstract: In higher plants , a small subunit of Rubisco is encoded for by an RBCS multigene family in the nuclear genome .
However , it is unknown how each multigene member contributes to the accumulation of Rubisco holoenzyme .
Here , four RBCS genes that are highly expressed in leaf blaedes of rice ( Oryza sativa L ) were individually suppressed by RNAi , and the effects on leaf Rubisco content were examined at seedling , vegetative and reproductive stages .
Rubisco contents in each transgenic line declined irrespective of growth stage , and the ratios of Rubisco-N to total N were 66-96% of wild-type levels .
The mRNA levels of the suppressed RBCS genes declined significantly , whereas those of the unsuppressed ones did not change drastically .
These results indicate that four RBCS genes all contribute to accumulation of Rubisco holoenzyme irrespective of growth stage and that suppression of one RBCS gene is not fully compensated by other RBCS genes .
Additionally , the mRNA levels of the large subunit of Rubisco showed a change similar to that of total RBCS mRNA level irrespective of genotype and growth stage .
These results suggest that gene expression of RBCS and RBCL is regulated in a coordinated manner at the transcript level in rice .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Effect of individual suppression of RBCS multigene family on Rubisco contents in rice leaves .
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| Title: Nucleotide sequence of a ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase small subunit gene ( rbcS ) in rice .
| | Author: Xie Y Wu R | | Journal: Nucleic Acids Res .
Citation: V : 16 ( 15 ) P : 7749 Year: 1988 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub3412915 Accession (PMID): 3412915 | | Abstract: | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Nucleotide sequence of a ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase small subunit gene ( rbcS ) in rice .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
