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Score: 15.00 |
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| Title: Testifying the rice bacterial blight resistance gene xa5 by genetic complementation and further analyzing xa5 ( Xa5 ) in comparison with its homolog TFIIAgamma1 .
| | Author: Jiang GH Xia ZH Zhou YL Wan J Li DY Chen RS Zhai WX Zhu LH .
| | Journal: Citation: V : ( ) P : 1-13 Year: 2006 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16444514 Accession (PMID): 16444514 | | Abstract: The recessive gene xa5 for resistance to bacterial blight resistance of rice is located on chromosome 5 , and evidence based on genetic recombination has been shown to encode a small subunit of the basal transcription factor IIA ( Iyer and McCouch in MPMI 17 ( 12 ) : 1348-1354 , 2004 ) .
However , xa5 has not been demonstrated by a complementation test In this study , we introduced the dominant allele Xa5 into a homozygous xa5-line , which was developed from a cross between IRBB5 ( an indica variety with xa5 ) and Nipponbare ( a japonica variety with Xa5 ) .
Transformation of Xa5 and subsequent segregation analysis confirmed that xa5 is a V39E substitution variant of the gene for TFIIAgamma on chromosome 5 ( TFIIAgamma5 or Xa5 ) .
The rice has an addition gene for TFIIAgamma exists on chromosome 1 ( TFIIAgamma1 ) .
Analysis of the expression patterns of Xa5 ( TFIIAgamma5 ) /xa5 and TFIIAgamma1 revealed that both the genes are constitutively expressed in different rice organs .
However , no expression of TFIIAgamma1 could be detected in the panicle by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction .
To compare the structural difference between the Xa5/xa5 and TFIIAgamma1 proteins , 3-D structures were predicted using computer-aided modeling techniques .
The modeled structures of Xa5 ( xa5 ) and TFIIAgamma1 fit well with the structure of TFIIA small subunit from human , suggesting that they may all act as a small subunit of TFIIA .
The E39V substitution in the xa5 protein occurs in the alpha-helix domain , a supposed conservative substitutable site , which should not affect the basal transcription function of TFIIAgamma .
The structural analysis indicates that xa5 and Xa5 potentially retain their basic transcription factor function , which , in turn , may mediate the novel pathway for bacterial blight resistance and susceptibility , respectively .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 5.00 ]: However , xa5 has not been demonstrated by a complementation test In this study , we introduced the dominant allele Xa5 into a homozygous xa5-line , which was developed from a cross between IRBB5 ( an indica variety with xa5 ) and Nipponbare ( a japonica variety with Xa5 ) .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 3.00 ]: Transformation of Xa5 and subsequent segregation analysis confirmed that xa5 is a V39E substitution variant of the gene for TFIIAgamma on chromosome 5 ( TFIIAgamma5 or Xa5 ) .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 2.00 ]: The modeled structures of Xa5 ( xa5 ) and TFIIAgamma1 fit well with the structure of TFIIA small subunit from human , suggesting that they may all act as a small subunit of TFIIA .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 2.00 ]: The structural analysis indicates that xa5 and Xa5 potentially retain their basic transcription factor function , which , in turn , may mediate the novel pathway for bacterial blight resistance and susceptibility , respectively .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The recessive gene xa5 for resistance to bacterial blight resistance of rice is located on chromosome 5 , and evidence based on genetic recombination has been shown to encode a small subunit of the basal transcription factor IIA ( Iyer and McCouch in MPMI 17 ( 12 ) : 1348-1354 , 2004 ) .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Analysis of the expression patterns of Xa5 ( TFIIAgamma5 ) /xa5 and TFIIAgamma1 revealed that both the genes are constitutively expressed in different rice organs .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: The E39V substitution in the xa5 protein occurs in the alpha-helix domain , a supposed conservative substitutable site , which should not affect the basal transcription function of TFIIAgamma .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 15.00 |
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| Title: Testifying the rice bacterial blight resistance gene xa5 by genetic complementation and further analyzing xa5 ( Xa5 ) in comparison with its homolog TFIIAgamma1 .
| | Author: Jiang GH Xia ZH Zhou YL Wan J Li DY Chen RS Zhai WX Zhu LH .
| | Journal: Mol . Genet . Genomics Citation: V : 275 ( 4 ) P : 354-66 Year: 2006 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16614777 Accession (PMID): 16614777 | | Abstract: The recessive gene xa5 for resistance to bacterial blight resistance of rice is located on chromosome 5 , and evidence based on genetic recombination has been shown to encode a small subunit of the basal transcription factor IIA ( Iyer and McCouch in MPMI 17 ( 12 ) : 1348-1354 , 2004 ) .
However , xa5 has not been demonstrated by a complementation test In this study , we introduced the dominant allele Xa5 into a homozygous xa5-line , which was developed from a cross between IRBB5 ( an indica variety with xa5 ) and Nipponbare ( a japonica variety with Xa5 ) .
Transformation of Xa5 and subsequent segregation analysis confirmed that xa5 is a V39E substitution variant of the gene for TFIIAgamma on chromosome 5 ( TFIIAgamma5 or Xa5 ) .
The rice has an addition gene for TFIIAgamma exists on chromosome 1 ( TFIIAgamma1 ) .
Analysis of the expression patterns of Xa5 ( TFIIAgamma5 ) /xa5 and TFIIAgamma1 revealed that both the genes are constitutively expressed in different rice organs .
However , no expression of TFIIAgamma1 could be detected in the panicle by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction .
To compare the structural difference between the Xa5/xa5 and TFIIAgamma1 proteins , 3-D structures were predicted using computer-aided modeling techniques .
The modeled structures of Xa5 ( xa5 ) and TFIIAgamma1 fit well with the structure of TFIIA small subunit from human , suggesting that they may all act as a small subunit of TFIIA .
The E39V substitution in the xa5 protein occurs in the alpha-helix domain , a supposed conservative substitutable site , which should not affect the basal transcription function of TFIIAgamma .
The structural analysis indicates that xa5 and Xa5 potentially retain their basic transcription factor function , which , in turn , may mediate the novel pathway for bacterial blight resistance and susceptibility , respectively . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 5.00 ]: However , xa5 has not been demonstrated by a complementation test In this study , we introduced the dominant allele Xa5 into a homozygous xa5-line , which was developed from a cross between IRBB5 ( an indica variety with xa5 ) and Nipponbare ( a japonica variety with Xa5 ) .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 3.00 ]: Transformation of Xa5 and subsequent segregation analysis confirmed that xa5 is a V39E substitution variant of the gene for TFIIAgamma on chromosome 5 ( TFIIAgamma5 or Xa5 ) .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 2.00 ]: The modeled structures of Xa5 ( xa5 ) and TFIIAgamma1 fit well with the structure of TFIIA small subunit from human , suggesting that they may all act as a small subunit of TFIIA .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 2.00 ]: The structural analysis indicates that xa5 and Xa5 potentially retain their basic transcription factor function , which , in turn , may mediate the novel pathway for bacterial blight resistance and susceptibility , respectively .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The recessive gene xa5 for resistance to bacterial blight resistance of rice is located on chromosome 5 , and evidence based on genetic recombination has been shown to encode a small subunit of the basal transcription factor IIA ( Iyer and McCouch in MPMI 17 ( 12 ) : 1348-1354 , 2004 ) .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Analysis of the expression patterns of Xa5 ( TFIIAgamma5 ) /xa5 and TFIIAgamma1 revealed that both the genes are constitutively expressed in different rice organs .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: The E39V substitution in the xa5 protein occurs in the alpha-helix domain , a supposed conservative substitutable site , which should not affect the basal transcription function of TFIIAgamma .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 10.00 |
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| Title: Transcription activator-like type III effector AvrXa27 depends on OsTFIIAgamma5 for the activation of Xa27 transcription in rice that triggers disease resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae .
| | Author: Gu K Tian D Qiu C Yin Z | | Journal: Mol Plant Pathol Citation: V : 10 P : 829-35 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19849788 Accession (PMID): 19849788 | | Abstract: The transcription activator-like ( TAL ) type III effector AvrXa27 from Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae ( Xoo ) strain PXO99 ( A ) activates the transcription of the host resistance gene Xa27 , which results in disease resistance to bacterial blight ( BB ) in rice .
In this study , we show that AvrXa27-activated Xa27 transcription requires host general transcription factor OsTFIIAgamma5 .
The V39E substitution in OsTFIIAgamma5 , encoded by the recessive resistance gene xa5 in rice , greatly attenuates this activation in xa5 and Xa27 double homozygotes on inoculation with Xa27-incompatible strains .
The xa5 gene also causes attenuation in the induction of Xa27 by AvrXa27 expressed in rice .
The xa5-mediated attenuation of Xa27-mediated resistance to PXO99 ( A ) is recessive .
Intriguingly , xa5-mediated resistance to xa5-incompatible strains is also down-regulated in the xa5 and Xa27 double homozygotes .
In addition , AvrXa27 expressed in planta shows weak virulence activity in the xa5 genetic background and causes enhanced susceptibility of the plants to BB inoculation .
The results suggest that TAL effectors target host general transcription factors to directly manipulate the host transcriptional machinery for virulence and/or avirulence .
The identification of xa5-mediated attenuation of Xa27-mediated resistance to Xoo provides a guideline for breeding resistance to BB when pyramiding xa5 with other resistance genes .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 3.00 ]: Intriguingly , xa5-mediated resistance to xa5-incompatible strains is also down-regulated in the xa5 and Xa27 double homozygotes .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 2.00 ]: The V39E substitution in OsTFIIAgamma5 , encoded by the recessive resistance gene xa5 in rice , greatly attenuates this activation in xa5 and Xa27 double homozygotes on inoculation with Xa27-incompatible strains .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 2.00 ]: The identification of xa5-mediated attenuation of Xa27-mediated resistance to Xoo provides a guideline for breeding resistance to BB when pyramiding xa5 with other resistance genes .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The xa5 gene also causes attenuation in the induction of Xa27 by AvrXa27 expressed in rice .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The xa5-mediated attenuation of Xa27-mediated resistance to PXO99 ( A ) is recessive .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: In addition , AvrXa27 expressed in planta shows weak virulence activity in the xa5 genetic background and causes enhanced susceptibility of the plants to BB inoculation .
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Score: 6.00 |
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| Title: Genetic and functional characterization of the rice bacterial blight disease resistance gene xa5 .
| | Author: Iyer-Pascuzzi AS Jiang H Huang L McCouch SR | | Journal: Phytopathology Citation: V : 98 P : 289-95 Year: 2008 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18944079 Accession (PMID): 18944079 | | Abstract: Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae is the causal agent of rice bacterial blight , a destructive rice disease worldwide .
The gene xa5 provides race-specific resistance to X oryzae pv . oryzae , and encodes the small subunit of transcription factor IIA .
How xa5 functions in bacterial blight resistance is not well understood , and its recessive gene action is disputed .
Here we show that xa5 is inherited in a completely recessive manner and the susceptible allele Xa5 is fully dominant .
In accordance with this , bacterial growth in heterozygous and homozygous susceptible lines is not significantly different .
Further , one allele of Xa5 is sufficient to promote disease in previously resistant plants ; additional copies are not predictive of increased lesion length .
Surprisingly , a resistant nearly isogenic line ( NIL ) of an indica variety sustains high levels of bacterial populations compared to the susceptible NIL , yet the resistant plants restrict symptom expression .
In contrast , in japonica NILs , bacterial population dynamics differ in resistant and susceptible genotypes .
However , both resistant indica and japonica plants delay bacterial movement down the leaf .
These results support a model in which xa5-mediated recessive resistance is the result of restricted bacterial movement , but not restricted multiplication .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 2.00 ]: Here we show that xa5 is inherited in a completely recessive manner and the susceptible allele Xa5 is fully dominant .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The gene xa5 provides race-specific resistance to X oryzae pv . oryzae , and encodes the small subunit of transcription factor IIA .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: How xa5 functions in bacterial blight resistance is not well understood , and its recessive gene action is disputed .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Further , one allele of Xa5 is sufficient to promote disease in previously resistant plants ; additional copies are not predictive of increased lesion length .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: These results support a model in which xa5-mediated recessive resistance is the result of restricted bacterial movement , but not restricted multiplication .
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Score: 5.00 |
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| Title: Inheritance of bacterial blight resistance in the rice cultivar Ajaya and high-resolution mapping of a major QTL associated with resistance .
| | Author: Sujatha K Natarajkumar P Laha GS Mishra B Rao KS Viraktamath BC Kirti PB Hari Y Balachandran SM Rajendrakumar P Ram T Hajira SK Madhav MS Neeraja CN Sundaram RM | | Journal: Genet Res ( Camb ) Citation: V : 93 P : 397-408 Year: 2011 Type: In-Data-Review | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22189605 Accession (PMID): 22189605 | | Abstract: SummaryThe cultivar Ajaya ( IET 8585 ) exhibits durable broad-spectrum resistance to bacterial blight ( BB ) disease of rice and is widely used as a resistance donor .
The present study was carried out to decipher the genetics of BB resistance in Ajaya and map the gene ( s ) conferring resistance .
Genetic analysis in the F2 indicated a quantitative/additive nature of resistance governed by two loci with equal effects .
Linked marker analysis and allelic tests revealed that one of the resistance genes is xa5 .
Sequence analysis of a 244 bp region of the second exon of the gene-encoding Transcription factor IIAgamma ( the candidate gene for xa5 ) confirmed the presence of xa5 .
Bulked-segregant analysis ( BSA ) revealed the putative location of the two quantitative trait loci ( QTLs ) /genes associated with resistance on chromosomes 5 and 8 .
Composite interval mapping located the first locus on Chr .
5S exactly in the genomic region spanned by xa5 and the second locus ( qtl BBR 8 . 1 ) on Chr .
8L .
Owing to its differential disease reaction with a set of seven hyper-virulent isolates of Xanthomonas oryzae , a map location on Chr .
8L , which was distinct from xa13 and data from allelism tests , the second resistance locus in Ajaya was determined to be novel and was designated as xaAj .
A contig map spanning xaAj was constructed in silico and the genomic region was delimited to a 13 . 5 kb physical interval In silico analysis of the genomic region spanning xaAj identified four putatively expressed candidate genes , one of which could be involved in imparting BB resistance in Ajaya along with xa5 .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 2.00 ]: Sequence analysis of a 244 bp region of the second exon of the gene-encoding Transcription factor IIAgamma ( the candidate gene for xa5 ) confirmed the presence of xa5 .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Linked marker analysis and allelic tests revealed that one of the resistance genes is xa5 .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: 5S exactly in the genomic region spanned by xa5 and the second locus ( qtl BBR 8 . 1 ) on Chr .
[ Sen. 12, subscore: 1.00 ]: A contig map spanning xaAj was constructed in silico and the genomic region was delimited to a 13 . 5 kb physical interval In silico analysis of the genomic region spanning xaAj identified four putatively expressed candidate genes , one of which could be involved in imparting BB resistance in Ajaya along with xa5 .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 4.00 |
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| Title: High resolution genetic mapping and candidate gene identification at the xa5 locus for bacterial blight resistance in rice ( Oryza sativa L ) .
| | Author: Blair MW Garris AJ Iyer AS Chapman B Kresovich S McCouch SR .
| | Journal: Theor . Appl . Genet . Citation: V : 107 ( 1 ) P : 62-73 Year: 2003 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12677405 Accession (PMID): 12677405 | | Abstract: The xa5 resistance gene from rice provides recessive , race-specific resistance to bacterial blight of rice caused by the pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae .
A high-resolution genetic map of the chromosomal region surrounding xa5 was developed by placing 44 DNA markers on the distal end of rice chromosome 5 .
The basis for mapping was a PCR-based screening of 1 , 016 F ( 2 ) individuals derived from a cross between a near-isogenic line ( NIL ) and its corresponding recurrent parent to identify recombinants in the region .
Recombinant F ( 2 ) individuals were progeny tested using F ( 3 ) families inoculated with the Philippine strain PXO 61 of bacterial blight pathogen .
The xa5 gene was mapped to a 0 . 5-cM interval between the markers RS7 and RM611 , which spanned an interval of approximately 70 kb and contained a total of 11 open reading frames .
Sequence data for the locus was generated from an Indica ( the IR24 isoline , IRBB21 ) BAC covering part of the region and compared to other overlapping Indica ( cv 93-11 ) and Japonica ( cv Nipponbare ) sequences .
Candidate-gene analysis revealed that a basal transcription factor ( TFIIa ) , an ABC transporter , a tRNA synthase , a MAP kinase and a cysteine protease , as well as four unknown , hypothetical or putative proteins , are encoded at the locus and could be potential candidates for the resistance gene product .
The mechanism by which these genes could provide recessive , race-specific resistance will be elucidated by map-based cloning of the xa5 gene . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The xa5 resistance gene from rice provides recessive , race-specific resistance to bacterial blight of rice caused by the pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: A high-resolution genetic map of the chromosomal region surrounding xa5 was developed by placing 44 DNA markers on the distal end of rice chromosome 5 .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The xa5 gene was mapped to a 0 . 5-cM interval between the markers RS7 and RM611 , which spanned an interval of approximately 70 kb and contained a total of 11 open reading frames .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: The mechanism by which these genes could provide recessive , race-specific resistance will be elucidated by map-based cloning of the xa5 gene .
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Score: 4.00 |
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| Title: Identification of an avirulence gene , avrxa5 , from the rice pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae .
| | Author: Zou H Zhao W Zhang X Han Y Zou L Chen G | | Journal: Sci China Life Sci Citation: V : 53 P : 1440-9 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21181346 Accession (PMID): 21181346 | | Abstract: Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae , the causal agent of bacterial blight in rice , interacts with rice plants in a gene-for-gene manner .
The specificity of the interaction is dictated by avirulence ( avr ) genes in the pathogen and resistance ( R ) genes in the host To date , no avr genes that correspond to recessive R genes have been isolated .
We isolated an avrBs3/pthA family gene , avrxa5 , from our previously isolated clone p58 , which was originally from strain JXOIII .
The avrxa5 gene converted the PXO99 ( A ) strain from compatible to incompatible in rice cultivars containing the recessive xa5 gene , but not in those containing the dominant Xa5 gene .
Sequencing indicated that avrxa5 , which is highly similar to members of the avrBs3/pthA family , encodes a protein of 1238 amino acid residues with a conserved carboxy-terminal region containing three nuclear localization signals and a transcription activation domain .
It has 19 . 5 34-amino-acid direct repeats , but the 13th amino acid is missing in the fifth and ninth repetitive units .
Domain swapping of the repetitive regions between avrxa5 and avrXa7 changed the avirulence specificity of the genes in xa5 and Xa7 rice lines , respectively .
This indicates that avrxa5 is distinct from previously characterized avrBs3/pthA members .
The specificity of avrxa5 toward recessive xa5 in rice could help us better understand the molecular mechanisms of plant-pathogen specific interactions .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 2.00 ]: The avrxa5 gene converted the PXO99 ( A ) strain from compatible to incompatible in rice cultivars containing the recessive xa5 gene , but not in those containing the dominant Xa5 gene .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Domain swapping of the repetitive regions between avrxa5 and avrXa7 changed the avirulence specificity of the genes in xa5 and Xa7 rice lines , respectively .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: The specificity of avrxa5 toward recessive xa5 in rice could help us better understand the molecular mechanisms of plant-pathogen specific interactions .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 4.00 |
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| Title: Detection of bacterial blight resistance genes in basmati rice landraces .
| | Author: Ullah I Jamil S Iqbal MZ Shaheen HL Hasni SM Jabeen S Mehmood A Akhter M | | Journal: Genet Mol Res Citation: V : 11 P : 1960-6 Year: 2012 Type: In-Data-Review | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22869552 Accession (PMID): 22869552 | | Abstract: Aromatic basmati rice is vulnerable to bacterial blight disease .
Genes conferring resistance to bacterial blight have been identified in coarse rice ; however , their incorporation into basmati varieties compromises the prized basmati aroma .
We identified bacterial blight resistance genes Xa4 , xa5 , Xa7 , and xa13 in 52 basmati landraces and five basmati cultivars using PCR markers .
The Xa7 gene was found to be the most prevalent among the cultivars and landraces .
The cultivars Basmati-385 and Basmati-2000 also contained the Xa4 gene ; however , xa5 and xa13 were confined to landraces only .
Ten landraces were found to have multiple resistance genes .
Landraces Basmati-106 , Basmati-189 and Basmati-208 contained Xa4 and Xa7 genes .
Whereas , landraces Basmati-122 , Basmati-427 , Basmati-433 were observed to have xa5 and Xa7 genes .
Landraces Basmati-48 , Basmati-51A , Basmati-334 , and Basmati-370A possessed Xa7 and xa13 genes .
The use of landraces containing recessive genes xa5 and xa13 as donor parents in hybridization with cultivars Basmati-385 and Basmati-2000 , which contain the genes Xa4 and Xa7 , will expedite efforts to develop bacterial blight-resistant basmati rice cultivars through marker assisted selection , based on a pyramiding approach , without compromising aroma and grain quality .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: We identified bacterial blight resistance genes Xa4 , xa5 , Xa7 , and xa13 in 52 basmati landraces and five basmati cultivars using PCR markers .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The cultivars Basmati-385 and Basmati-2000 also contained the Xa4 gene ; however , xa5 and xa13 were confined to landraces only .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Whereas , landraces Basmati-122 , Basmati-427 , Basmati-433 were observed to have xa5 and Xa7 genes .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: The use of landraces containing recessive genes xa5 and xa13 as donor parents in hybridization with cultivars Basmati-385 and Basmati-2000 , which contain the genes Xa4 and Xa7 , will expedite efforts to develop bacterial blight-resistant basmati rice cultivars through marker assisted selection , based on a pyramiding approach , without compromising aroma and grain quality .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: Marker assisted selection of bacterial blight resistance genes in rice .
| | Author: Davierwala AP Reddy AP Lagu MD Ranjekar PK Gupta VS .
| | Journal: Biochem . Genet . Citation: V : 39 ( 7-8 ) P : 261-78 Year: 2001 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11590832 Accession (PMID): 11590832 | | Abstract: Bacterial leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae is one of the most important diseases affecting rice production in Asia .
We were interested in surveying rice genotypes that are popularly used in the Indian breeding program for conferring resistance to bacterial blight , using 11 STMS and 6 STS markers .
The basis of selection of these DNA markers was their close linkage to xa5 , xa13 , and Xa21 genes and their positions on the rice genetic map relative to bacterial blight resistance genes .
Eight lines were found to contain the xa5 gene while two lines contained Xa21 gene and none of the lines contained the xa13 gene with the exception of its near-isogenic line .
Using the polymorphic markers obtained in the initial survey , marker-assisted selection was performed in the F3 population of a cross between IR-64 and IET-14444 to detect lines containing multiple resistance genes .
Of the 59 progeny lines analyzed , eight lines contained both the resistance genes , xa5 and Xa4 . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The basis of selection of these DNA markers was their close linkage to xa5 , xa13 , and Xa21 genes and their positions on the rice genetic map relative to bacterial blight resistance genes .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Eight lines were found to contain the xa5 gene while two lines contained Xa21 gene and none of the lines contained the xa13 gene with the exception of its near-isogenic line .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Of the 59 progeny lines analyzed , eight lines contained both the resistance genes , xa5 and Xa4 .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: Are the dominant and recessive plant disease resistance genes similar?
A case study of rice R genes and Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae races .
| | Author: Li ZK Sanchez A Angeles E Singh S Domingo J Huang N Khush GS .
| | Journal: Genetics Citation: V : 159 ( 2 ) P : 757-65 Year: 2001 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11606550 Accession (PMID): 11606550 | | Abstract: The resistance of rice to its bacterial blight pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae ( Xoo ) has both qualitative and quantitative components that were investigated using three near-isogenic line sets for four resistance ( R ) genes ( Xa4 , xa5 , xa13 , and Xa21 ) and 12 Xoo races .
Our results indicate that these two resistance components of rice plants were associated with the properties of the R genes .
The qualitative component of the R genes was reflected by their large effects against corresponding avirulent Xoo races .
The quantitative component of the R genes was their residual effects against corresponding virulent races and their epistatic effects , which together could lead to high-level resistance in a race-specific manner .
Our results revealed important differences between the different types of R genes .
Two R genes , Xa4 and Xa21 , showed complete dominance against the avirulent Xoo races and had large residual effects against virulent ones .
They acted independently and cumulatively , suggesting they are involved in different pathways of the rice defensive system .
The third R gene , xa5 , showed partial dominance or additivity to the avirulent Xoo races and had relatively small but significant residual effects against the virulent races .
In contrast , xa13 was completely recessive , had no residual effects against the virulent races , and showed more pronounced race specificity .
There was a strong interaction leading to increased resistance between xa13 and xa5 and between either of them and Xa4 or Xa21 , suggesting their regulatory roles in the rice defensive pathway ( s ) .
Our results indicated that high-level and durable resistance to Xoo should be more efficiently achieved by pyramiding different types of R genes . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The resistance of rice to its bacterial blight pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae ( Xoo ) has both qualitative and quantitative components that were investigated using three near-isogenic line sets for four resistance ( R ) genes ( Xa4 , xa5 , xa13 , and Xa21 ) and 12 Xoo races .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: The third R gene , xa5 , showed partial dominance or additivity to the avirulent Xoo races and had relatively small but significant residual effects against the virulent races .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: There was a strong interaction leading to increased resistance between xa13 and xa5 and between either of them and Xa4 or Xa21 , suggesting their regulatory roles in the rice defensive pathway ( s ) .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: Testifying the rice bacterial blight resistance gene xa5 by genetic complementation and further analyzing xa5 ( Xa5 ) in comparison with its homolog TFIIAgamma1 .
| | Author: Jiang GH Xia ZH Zhou YL Wan J Li DY Chen RS Zhai WX Zhu LH .
| | Journal: Citation: V : ( ) P : 1-13 Year: 2006 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub16444514 Accession (PMID): 16444514 | | Abstract: The recessive gene xa5 for resistance to bacterial blight resistance of rice is located on chromosome 5 , and evidence based on genetic recombination has been shown to encode a small subunit of the basal transcription factor IIA ( Iyer and McCouch in MPMI 17 ( 12 ) : 1348-1354 , 2004 ) .
However , xa5 has not been demonstrated by a complementation test In this study , we introduced the dominant allele Xa5 into a homozygous xa5-line , which was developed from a cross between IRBB5 ( an indica variety with xa5 ) and Nipponbare ( a japonica variety with Xa5 ) .
Transformation of Xa5 and subsequent segregation analysis confirmed that xa5 is a V39E substitution variant of the gene for TFIIAgamma on chromosome 5 ( TFIIAgamma5 or Xa5 ) .
The rice has an addition gene for TFIIAgamma exists on chromosome 1 ( TFIIAgamma1 ) .
Analysis of the expression patterns of Xa5 ( TFIIAgamma5 ) /xa5 and TFIIAgamma1 revealed that both the genes are constitutively expressed in different rice organs .
However , no expression of TFIIAgamma1 could be detected in the panicle by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction .
To compare the structural difference between the Xa5/xa5 and TFIIAgamma1 proteins , 3-D structures were predicted using computer-aided modeling techniques .
The modeled structures of Xa5 ( xa5 ) and TFIIAgamma1 fit well with the structure of TFIIA small subunit from human , suggesting that they may all act as a small subunit of TFIIA .
The E39V substitution in the xa5 protein occurs in the alpha-helix domain , a supposed conservative substitutable site , which should not affect the basal transcription function of TFIIAgamma .
The structural analysis indicates that xa5 and Xa5 potentially retain their basic transcription factor function , which , in turn , may mediate the novel pathway for bacterial blight resistance and susceptibility , respectively .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 3.00 ]: Testifying the rice bacterial blight resistance gene xa5 by genetic complementation and further analyzing xa5 ( Xa5 ) in comparison with its homolog TFIIAgamma1 .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: Testifying the rice bacterial blight resistance gene xa5 by genetic complementation and further analyzing xa5 ( Xa5 ) in comparison with its homolog TFIIAgamma1 .
| | Author: Jiang GH Xia ZH Zhou YL Wan J Li DY Chen RS Zhai WX Zhu LH .
| | Journal: Mol . Genet . Genomics Citation: V : 275 ( 4 ) P : 354-66 Year: 2006 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub16614777 Accession (PMID): 16614777 | | Abstract: The recessive gene xa5 for resistance to bacterial blight resistance of rice is located on chromosome 5 , and evidence based on genetic recombination has been shown to encode a small subunit of the basal transcription factor IIA ( Iyer and McCouch in MPMI 17 ( 12 ) : 1348-1354 , 2004 ) .
However , xa5 has not been demonstrated by a complementation test In this study , we introduced the dominant allele Xa5 into a homozygous xa5-line , which was developed from a cross between IRBB5 ( an indica variety with xa5 ) and Nipponbare ( a japonica variety with Xa5 ) .
Transformation of Xa5 and subsequent segregation analysis confirmed that xa5 is a V39E substitution variant of the gene for TFIIAgamma on chromosome 5 ( TFIIAgamma5 or Xa5 ) .
The rice has an addition gene for TFIIAgamma exists on chromosome 1 ( TFIIAgamma1 ) .
Analysis of the expression patterns of Xa5 ( TFIIAgamma5 ) /xa5 and TFIIAgamma1 revealed that both the genes are constitutively expressed in different rice organs .
However , no expression of TFIIAgamma1 could be detected in the panicle by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction .
To compare the structural difference between the Xa5/xa5 and TFIIAgamma1 proteins , 3-D structures were predicted using computer-aided modeling techniques .
The modeled structures of Xa5 ( xa5 ) and TFIIAgamma1 fit well with the structure of TFIIA small subunit from human , suggesting that they may all act as a small subunit of TFIIA .
The E39V substitution in the xa5 protein occurs in the alpha-helix domain , a supposed conservative substitutable site , which should not affect the basal transcription function of TFIIAgamma .
The structural analysis indicates that xa5 and Xa5 potentially retain their basic transcription factor function , which , in turn , may mediate the novel pathway for bacterial blight resistance and susceptibility , respectively . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 3.00 ]: Testifying the rice bacterial blight resistance gene xa5 by genetic complementation and further analyzing xa5 ( Xa5 ) in comparison with its homolog TFIIAgamma1 .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: [ Construction of a deep coverage rice BAC library and identification of clones associated with disease-resistant genes ] | | Author: Wang WM Jiang GH Wang SQ Zhu LH Zhai WX .
| | Journal: Yi Chuan Xue Bao Citation: V : 28 ( 2 ) P : 120-8 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11233255 Accession (PMID): 11233255 | | Abstract: A BAC library for IRBB56 , an accession pyramiding Xa4 , xa5 and xa13 three bacterial blight resistance genes , was constructed .
The library contains 55 , 296 clones with an average insert size of 132 kb .
Based on a haploid genome size of 450 Mb , the coverage of the library was about 14 genome equivalents that make it one of the most comprehensive BAC libraries available in rice and provide 99 . 99% possibility to isolate any interested rice genes or sequences in the library .
To determine the representation of organelle DNA homologues in the library , the library was screened with three different chloroplast genes and four mitochondrial genes , respectively .
Results from this screening showed that less than 1% of clones in the library contain organelle genomic DNA homologues .
Then , DNA markers on three different chromosomes linked to Xa4 , xa5 , and xa13 , and a PCR fragment of rice UROD gene , were used to screen the library resulting in a range of 11-106 hits that will promote the isolation of these genes .
The deep coverage and the large insert size of the library will facilitate physical mapping , isolation , and cloning of rice genes . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: A BAC library for IRBB56 , an accession pyramiding Xa4 , xa5 and xa13 three bacterial blight resistance genes , was constructed .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Then , DNA markers on three different chromosomes linked to Xa4 , xa5 , and xa13 , and a PCR fragment of rice UROD gene , were used to screen the library resulting in a range of 11-106 hits that will promote the isolation of these genes .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Population structure and its effect on haplotype diversity and linkage disequilibrium surrounding the xa5 locus of rice ( Oryza sativa L ) .
| | Author: Garris AJ McCouch SR Kresovich S | | Journal: Genetics Citation: V : 165 ( 2 ) P : 759-69 Year: 2003 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub14573486 Accession (PMID): 14573486 | | Abstract: To assess the usefulness of linkage disequilibrium mapping in an autogamous , domesticated species , we have characterized linkage disequilibrium in the candidate region for xa5 , a recessive gene conferring race-specific resistance to bacterial blight in rice .
This trait and locus have good mapping information , a tractable phenotype , and available sequence data , but no cloned gene .
We sampled 13 short segments from the 70-kb candidate region in 114 accessions of Oryza sativa .
Five additional segments were sequenced from the adjacent 45-kb region in resistant accessions to estimate the distance at which linkage disequilibrium decays .
The data show significant linkage disequilibrium between sites 100 kb apart .
The presence of the xa5 resistant reaction in two ecotypes and in accessions with different haplotypes in the candidate region may indicate multiple origins or genetic heterogeneity for resistance .
In addition , genetic differentiation between ecotypes emphasizes the need for controlling for population structure in the design of linkage disequilibrium studies in rice . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: To assess the usefulness of linkage disequilibrium mapping in an autogamous , domesticated species , we have characterized linkage disequilibrium in the candidate region for xa5 , a recessive gene conferring race-specific resistance to bacterial blight in rice .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: The presence of the xa5 resistant reaction in two ecotypes and in accessions with different haplotypes in the candidate region may indicate multiple origins or genetic heterogeneity for resistance .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: The rice bacterial blight resistance gene xa5 encodes a novel form of disease resistance .
| | Author: Iyer AS McCouch SR .
| | Journal: Mol .
Plant Microbe Interact .
Citation: V : 17 ( 12 ) P : 1348-54 Year: 2004 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15597740 Accession (PMID): 15597740 | | Abstract: The rice xa5 gene for disease resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae has been positionally cloned and encodes the gamma subunit of transcription factor IIA ( TFIIAgamma ) .
TFIIAgamma is a general eukaryotic transcription factor with no previously known role in disease resistance . xa5 is unusual in that it is recessive and does not conform to one of the typical resistance gene structural classes .
Sequencing of TFIIAgamma in resistant and susceptible isolines revealed two nucleotide substitutions resulting in an amino acid change between resistant and susceptible cultivars .
This association was conserved across 27 resistant and nine susceptible rice lines in the Aus-Boro group . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice xa5 gene for disease resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae has been positionally cloned and encodes the gamma subunit of transcription factor IIA ( TFIIAgamma ) .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: TFIIAgamma is a general eukaryotic transcription factor with no previously known role in disease resistance . xa5 is unusual in that it is recessive and does not conform to one of the typical resistance gene structural classes .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Recessive bacterial leaf blight resistance in rice : complexity , challenges and strategy .
| | Author: Kottapalli KR Kottapalli P Agrawal GK Kikuchi S Rakwal R | | Journal: Biochem . Biophys . Res . Commun . Citation: V : 355 ( 2 ) P : 295-301 Year: 2007 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17307154 Accession (PMID): 17307154 | | Abstract: Physical mapping and map-based cloning strategies are routinely used for identification of candidate genes for major qualitative traits in rice .
Such strategies have enabled mapping and characterization of dominant bacterial leaf blight ( blb ) resistance genes , but little progress has been made in case of the recessive resistance genes .
Two recent studies on map-based cloning of xa5 and xa13 recessive blb resistance genes identified the general transcription factor IIA gamma subunit ( TFIIAgamma ) and the nodulin MtN21 as candidates , respectively .
Subsequently , two other reports have raised discussion on whether the identified candidates are indeed recessive resistance genes , and are sufficient to confer blb resistance in rice .
Based on published evidence , and our extensive in silico analyses of the genomic environment around xa5 and xa13 regions , we propose that the recessive gene mediated resistance mechanism is more complex and might not be governed by a single gene .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Two recent studies on map-based cloning of xa5 and xa13 recessive blb resistance genes identified the general transcription factor IIA gamma subunit ( TFIIAgamma ) and the nodulin MtN21 as candidates , respectively .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Based on published evidence , and our extensive in silico analyses of the genomic environment around xa5 and xa13 regions , we propose that the recessive gene mediated resistance mechanism is more complex and might not be governed by a single gene .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Effective strategy for pyramiding three bacterial blight resistance genes into fine grain rice cultivar , Samba Mahsuri , using sequence tagged site markers .
| | Author: Kottapalli KR Lakshmi Narasu M Jena KK | | Journal: Biotechnol Lett Citation: V : 32 P : 989-96 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub20349335 Accession (PMID): 20349335 | | Abstract: Bacterial leaf blight ( BB ) of rice is a major disease limiting rice production in several rice growing regions of the world .
The pathogen , Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae , causing the disease is highly virulent to rice crops and is capable of evolving new races .
Breeding efforts to incorporate single BB resistant gene often leads to resistance breakdown within a short period .
To overcome such breakdown of resistance and develop germplasm with durable disease resistance , we have introgressed three bacterial blight resistance genes , xa5 , xa13 , and Xa21 into a fine grain rice variety , Samba Mahsuri , using sequence tagged site ( STS ) markers linked to these genes .
Since the efficiency of the STS markers linked to recessive genes to detect homozygotes is less than 100% , we adopted four different pyramiding schemes to minimize loss of recessive resistance genes in advanced backcross generations .
Pyramiding scheme A in which a two-gene Samba Mahsuri pyramid line containing Xa21 and xa5 genes was crossed with the Samba Mahsuri line having xa13 gene alone was found to be most effective in preventing the loss of an important recessive gene xa13 .
We further demonstrated that there was no yield penalty due to pyramiding of multiple genes into the elite indica rice variety .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: To overcome such breakdown of resistance and develop germplasm with durable disease resistance , we have introgressed three bacterial blight resistance genes , xa5 , xa13 , and Xa21 into a fine grain rice variety , Samba Mahsuri , using sequence tagged site ( STS ) markers linked to these genes .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Pyramiding scheme A in which a two-gene Samba Mahsuri pyramid line containing Xa21 and xa5 genes was crossed with the Samba Mahsuri line having xa13 gene alone was found to be most effective in preventing the loss of an important recessive gene xa13 .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Gene-for-gene-mediated recognition of nuclear-targeted AvrBs3-like bacterial effector proteins .
| | Author: Schornack S Meyer A Rmer P Jordan T Lahaye T | | Journal: J Plant Physiol .
Citation: V : 163 ( 3 ) P : 256-72 Year: 2006 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16403589 Accession (PMID): 16403589 | | Abstract: Plant disease resistance ( R ) genes mediate specific recognition of pathogens via perception of cognate avirulence ( avr ) gene products .
The numerous highly similar AvrBs3-like proteins from the bacterial genus Xanthomonas provide together with their corresponding R proteins a unique biological resource to dissect the molecular basis of recognition specificity .
A central question in this context is if R proteins that mediate recognition of structurally similar Avr proteins are themselves functionally similar or rather dissimilar .
The recent isolation of rice xa5 , rice Xa27 and tomato Bs4 , R genes that collectively mediate recognition of avrBs3-like genes , provides a first clue to the molecular mechanisms that plants employ to detect AvrBs3-like proteins .
Their initial characterization suggests that these R proteins are structurally and functionally surprisingly diverge .
This review summarizes the current knowledge on R-protein-mediated recognition of AvrBs3-like proteins and provides working models on how recognition is achieved at the molecular level .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The recent isolation of rice xa5 , rice Xa27 and tomato Bs4 , R genes that collectively mediate recognition of avrBs3-like genes , provides a first clue to the molecular mechanisms that plants employ to detect AvrBs3-like proteins .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: RMo1 confers blast resistance in barley and is located within the complex of resistance genes containing Mla , a powdery mildew resistance gene .
| | Author: Inukai T Vales MI Hori K Sato K Hayes PM .
| | Journal: Mol .
Plant Microbe Interact .
Citation: V : 19 ( 9 ) P : 1034-41 Year: 2006 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16941907 Accession (PMID): 16941907 | | Abstract: Isolates of Magnaporthe oryzae ( the causal agent of rice blast disease ) can infect a range of grass species , including barley .
We report that barley Hordeum vulgare cv .
Baronesse and an experimental line , BCD47 , show a range of resistance reactions to infection with two rice blast isolates .
The complete resistance of Baronesse to the isolate Ken 54-20 is controlled by a single dominant gene , designated RMo1 .
RMo1 mapped to the same linkage map position on chromosome 1H as the powdery mildew resistance locus Mla and an expressed sequence tag ( k04320 ) that corresponds to the barley gene 711N16 . 16 .
A resistance quantitative trait locus ( QTL ) , at which Baronesse contributed the resistance allele , to the isolate Ken 53-33 also mapped at the same position as RMo1 .
Synteny analysis revealed that a corresponding region on rice chromosome 5 includes the bacterial blight resistance gene xa5 .
These results indicate that a defined region on the short arm of barley chromosome 1H , including RMo1 and Mla , harbors genes conferring qualitative and quantitative resistance to multiple pathogens .
The partial resistance of BCD47 to Ken53-33 is determined by alleles at three QTL , two of which coincide with the linkage map positions of the mildew resistance genes mlo and Mlf .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Synteny analysis revealed that a corresponding region on rice chromosome 5 includes the bacterial blight resistance gene xa5 .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Two type III effector genes of Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae control the induction of the host genes OsTFIIAgamma1 and OsTFX1 during bacterial blight of rice .
| | Author: Sugio A Yang B Zhu T White FF | | Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Citation: V : 104 P : 10720-5 Year: 2007 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17563377 Accession (PMID): 17563377 | | Abstract: Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae strain PXO99 ( A ) induces the expression of the host gene Os8N3 , which results in increased host susceptibility to bacterial blight of rice .
Here , we show that PXO99 ( A ) affects the expression of two additional genes in a type III secretion system-dependent manner , one encoding a bZIP transcription factor ( OsTFX1 ) and the other the small subunit of the transcription factor IIA located on chromosome 1 ( OsTFIIAgamma1 ) .
Induction of OsTFX1 and OsTFIIAgamma1 depended on the type III effector genes pthXo6 and pthXo7 , respectively , both encoding two previously undescribed members of the transcription activator-like ( TAL ) effector family . pthXo7 is strain-specific and may reflect adaptation to the resistance mediated by xa5 , an allele of OsTFIIAgamma5 encoding a second form of the TFIIA small subunit on chromosome 5 of rice .
The loss of pthXo6 resulted in reduced pathogen virulence , and ectopic expression of OsTFX1 abrogated the requirement for pthXo6 for full virulence .
X oryzae pv . oryzae therefore modulates the expression of multiple host genes using multiple TAL effectors from a single strain , and evidence supports the hypothesis that expression of the associated host genes contributes to host susceptibility to disease .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Induction of OsTFX1 and OsTFIIAgamma1 depended on the type III effector genes pthXo6 and pthXo7 , respectively , both encoding two previously undescribed members of the transcription activator-like ( TAL ) effector family . pthXo7 is strain-specific and may reflect adaptation to the resistance mediated by xa5 , an allele of OsTFIIAgamma5 encoding a second form of the TFIIA small subunit on chromosome 5 of rice .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Recessive resistance genes and the Oryza sativa-Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae pathosystem .
| | Author: Iyer-Pascuzzi AS McCouch SR | | Journal: Mol Plant Microbe Interact Citation: V : 20 P : 731-9 Year: 2007 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17601161 Accession (PMID): 17601161 | | Abstract: Though recessive resistance is well-studied in viral systems , little is understood regarding the phenomenon in plant-bacterial interactions .
The Oryza sativa-Xanthomonas oryzae pv . orzyae pathosystem provides an excellent opportunity to examine recessive resistance in plant-bacterial interactions , in which nine of 30 documented resistance ( R ) genes are recessively inherited .
Infestations of X oryzae pv . oryzae , the causal agent of bacterial blight , result in significant crop loss and damage throughout South and Southeast Asia .
Two recently cloned novel recessive R genes , xa5 and xa13 , have yielded insights to this system .
Like their viral counterparts , these bacterial recessive R gene products do not conform to the five commonly described classes of R proteins .
New findings suggest that such genes may more aptly be viewed as mutations in dominant susceptibility alleles and may also function in a gene-for-gene manner .
In this review , we discuss recent accomplishments in the understanding of recessively inherited R genes in the rice-bacterial blight pathosystem and suggest a new model for the function of recessive resistance in plant-bacterial interactions .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Two recently cloned novel recessive R genes , xa5 and xa13 , have yielded insights to this system .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Introduction of bacterial blight resistance into Triguna , a high yielding , mid-early duration rice variety .
| | Author: Sundaram RM Vishnupriya MR Laha GS Rani NS Rao PS Balachandran SM Reddy GA Sarma NP Sonti RV | | Journal: Biotechnol J Citation: V : 4 P : 400-7 Year: 2009 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19253322 Accession (PMID): 19253322 | | Abstract: Bacterial blight ( BB ) is a serious disease of rice in India .
We have used molecular marker-assisted selection in a backcross breeding program to introgress three genes ( Xa21 , xa13 , and xa5 ) for BB resistance into Triguna , a mid-early duration , high yielding rice variety that is susceptible to BB .
At each generation in the backcross program , molecular markers were used to select plants possessing these resistance genes and to select plants that have maximum contribution from the Triguna genome .
A selected BC3F1 plant was selfed to generate homozygous BC ( 3 ) F ( 2 ) plants with different combinations of BB resistance genes .
Plants containing the two-gene combination , Xa21 and xa13 , were found to exhibit excellent resistance against BB .
Single plant selections for superior agronomic characteristics were performed on the progeny of these plants , from BC ( 3 ) F ( 3 ) generation onwards .
The selected plants were subjected to yield trials at the BC ( 3 ) F ( 8 ) generation and were found to have a significant yield advantage over Triguna .
The newly developed lines are being entered into national multi-location field trials .
This work represents a successful example of the application of molecular marker-assisted selection for BB resistance breeding in rice .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: We have used molecular marker-assisted selection in a backcross breeding program to introgress three genes ( Xa21 , xa13 , and xa5 ) for BB resistance into Triguna , a mid-early duration , high yielding rice variety that is susceptible to BB .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: High resolution genetic mapping and candidate gene identification at the xa5 locus for bacterial blight resistance in rice ( Oryza sativa L ) .
| | Author: Blair MW Garris AJ Iyer AS Chapman B Kresovich S McCouch SR .
| | Journal: Theor . Appl . Genet . Citation: V : 107 ( 1 ) P : 62-73 Year: 2003 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub12677405 Accession (PMID): 12677405 | | Abstract: The xa5 resistance gene from rice provides recessive , race-specific resistance to bacterial blight of rice caused by the pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae .
A high-resolution genetic map of the chromosomal region surrounding xa5 was developed by placing 44 DNA markers on the distal end of rice chromosome 5 .
The basis for mapping was a PCR-based screening of 1 , 016 F ( 2 ) individuals derived from a cross between a near-isogenic line ( NIL ) and its corresponding recurrent parent to identify recombinants in the region .
Recombinant F ( 2 ) individuals were progeny tested using F ( 3 ) families inoculated with the Philippine strain PXO 61 of bacterial blight pathogen .
The xa5 gene was mapped to a 0 . 5-cM interval between the markers RS7 and RM611 , which spanned an interval of approximately 70 kb and contained a total of 11 open reading frames .
Sequence data for the locus was generated from an Indica ( the IR24 isoline , IRBB21 ) BAC covering part of the region and compared to other overlapping Indica ( cv 93-11 ) and Japonica ( cv Nipponbare ) sequences .
Candidate-gene analysis revealed that a basal transcription factor ( TFIIa ) , an ABC transporter , a tRNA synthase , a MAP kinase and a cysteine protease , as well as four unknown , hypothetical or putative proteins , are encoded at the locus and could be potential candidates for the resistance gene product .
The mechanism by which these genes could provide recessive , race-specific resistance will be elucidated by map-based cloning of the xa5 gene . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: High resolution genetic mapping and candidate gene identification at the xa5 locus for bacterial blight resistance in rice ( Oryza sativa L ) .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Population structure and its effect on haplotype diversity and linkage disequilibrium surrounding the xa5 locus of rice ( Oryza sativa L ) .
| | Author: Garris AJ McCouch SR Kresovich S | | Journal: Genetics Citation: V : 165 ( 2 ) P : 759-69 Year: 2003 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub14573486 Accession (PMID): 14573486 | | Abstract: To assess the usefulness of linkage disequilibrium mapping in an autogamous , domesticated species , we have characterized linkage disequilibrium in the candidate region for xa5 , a recessive gene conferring race-specific resistance to bacterial blight in rice .
This trait and locus have good mapping information , a tractable phenotype , and available sequence data , but no cloned gene .
We sampled 13 short segments from the 70-kb candidate region in 114 accessions of Oryza sativa .
Five additional segments were sequenced from the adjacent 45-kb region in resistant accessions to estimate the distance at which linkage disequilibrium decays .
The data show significant linkage disequilibrium between sites 100 kb apart .
The presence of the xa5 resistant reaction in two ecotypes and in accessions with different haplotypes in the candidate region may indicate multiple origins or genetic heterogeneity for resistance .
In addition , genetic differentiation between ecotypes emphasizes the need for controlling for population structure in the design of linkage disequilibrium studies in rice . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Population structure and its effect on haplotype diversity and linkage disequilibrium surrounding the xa5 locus of rice ( Oryza sativa L ) .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: The rice bacterial blight resistance gene xa5 encodes a novel form of disease resistance .
| | Author: Iyer AS McCouch SR .
| | Journal: Mol .
Plant Microbe Interact .
Citation: V : 17 ( 12 ) P : 1348-54 Year: 2004 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub15597740 Accession (PMID): 15597740 | | Abstract: The rice xa5 gene for disease resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae has been positionally cloned and encodes the gamma subunit of transcription factor IIA ( TFIIAgamma ) .
TFIIAgamma is a general eukaryotic transcription factor with no previously known role in disease resistance . xa5 is unusual in that it is recessive and does not conform to one of the typical resistance gene structural classes .
Sequencing of TFIIAgamma in resistant and susceptible isolines revealed two nucleotide substitutions resulting in an amino acid change between resistant and susceptible cultivars .
This association was conserved across 27 resistant and nine susceptible rice lines in the Aus-Boro group . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice bacterial blight resistance gene xa5 encodes a novel form of disease resistance .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Genetic and functional characterization of the rice bacterial blight disease resistance gene xa5 .
| | Author: Iyer-Pascuzzi AS Jiang H Huang L McCouch SR | | Journal: Phytopathology Citation: V : 98 P : 289-95 Year: 2008 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub18944079 Accession (PMID): 18944079 | | Abstract: Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae is the causal agent of rice bacterial blight , a destructive rice disease worldwide .
The gene xa5 provides race-specific resistance to X oryzae pv . oryzae , and encodes the small subunit of transcription factor IIA .
How xa5 functions in bacterial blight resistance is not well understood , and its recessive gene action is disputed .
Here we show that xa5 is inherited in a completely recessive manner and the susceptible allele Xa5 is fully dominant .
In accordance with this , bacterial growth in heterozygous and homozygous susceptible lines is not significantly different .
Further , one allele of Xa5 is sufficient to promote disease in previously resistant plants ; additional copies are not predictive of increased lesion length .
Surprisingly , a resistant nearly isogenic line ( NIL ) of an indica variety sustains high levels of bacterial populations compared to the susceptible NIL , yet the resistant plants restrict symptom expression .
In contrast , in japonica NILs , bacterial population dynamics differ in resistant and susceptible genotypes .
However , both resistant indica and japonica plants delay bacterial movement down the leaf .
These results support a model in which xa5-mediated recessive resistance is the result of restricted bacterial movement , but not restricted multiplication .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Genetic and functional characterization of the rice bacterial blight disease resistance gene xa5 .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
