| 136 matches found in 59 documents. Search time: 0.703 seconds. |
|---|
|
Score: 13.00 |
|---|
| Title: Light-regulated and cell-specific expression of tomato rbcS-gusA and rice rbcS-gusA fusion genes in transgenic rice .
| | Author: Kyozuka J McElroy D Hayakawa T Xie Y Wu R Shimamoto K | | Journal: Plant Physiol .
Citation: V : 102 ( 3 ) P : 991-1000 Year: 1993 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub8278540 Accession (PMID): 8278540 | | Abstract: A previously isolated rice ( Oryza sativa ) rbcS gene was further characterized .
This analysis revealed specific sequences in the 5 regulatory region of the rice rbcS gene that are conserved in rbcS genes of other monocotyledonous species .
In transgenic rice plants , we examined the expression of the beta-glucuronidase ( gusA ) reporter gene directed by the 2 . 8-kb promoter region of the rice rbcS gene .
To examine differences in the regulation of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous rbcS promoters , the activity of a tomato rbcS promoter was also investigated in transgenic rice plants .
Our results indicated that both rice and tomato rbcS promoters confer mesophyll-specific expression of the gusA reporter gene in transgenic rice plants and that this expression is induced by light .
However , the expression level of the rice rbcS-gusA gene was higher than that of the tomato rbcS-gusA gene , suggesting the presence of quantitative differences in the activity of these particular monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous rbcS promoters in transgenic rice .
Histochemical analysis of rbcS-gusA gene expression showed that the observed light induction was only found in mesophyll cells .
Furthermore , it was demonstrated that the light regulation of rice rbcS-gusA gene expression was primarily at the level of mRNA accumulation .
We show that the rice rbcS gene promoter should be useful for expression of agronomically important genes for genetic engineering of monocotyledonous species . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 3.00 ]: However , the expression level of the rice rbcS-gusA gene was higher than that of the tomato rbcS-gusA gene , suggesting the presence of quantitative differences in the activity of these particular monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous rbcS promoters in transgenic rice .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 2.00 ]: This analysis revealed specific sequences in the 5 regulatory region of the rice rbcS gene that are conserved in rbcS genes of other monocotyledonous species .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 2.00 ]: To examine differences in the regulation of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous rbcS promoters , the activity of a tomato rbcS promoter was also investigated in transgenic rice plants .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: A previously isolated rice ( Oryza sativa ) rbcS gene was further characterized .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: In transgenic rice plants , we examined the expression of the beta-glucuronidase ( gusA ) reporter gene directed by the 2 . 8-kb promoter region of the rice rbcS gene .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Our results indicated that both rice and tomato rbcS promoters confer mesophyll-specific expression of the gusA reporter gene in transgenic rice plants and that this expression is induced by light .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Histochemical analysis of rbcS-gusA gene expression showed that the observed light induction was only found in mesophyll cells .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Furthermore , it was demonstrated that the light regulation of rice rbcS-gusA gene expression was primarily at the level of mRNA accumulation .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: We show that the rice rbcS gene promoter should be useful for expression of agronomically important genes for genetic engineering of monocotyledonous species .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 10.00 |
|---|
| Title: Availability of Rubisco Small Subunit Up-Regulates the Transcript Levels of Large Subunit for Stoichiometric Assembly of Its Holoenzyme in Rice .
| | Author: Suzuki Y Makino A | | Journal: Plant Physiol Citation: V : P : Year: 2012 Type: Publisher | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22811433 Accession (PMID): 22811433 | | Abstract: Rubisco is composed of eight small subunits coded for by the nuclear RBCS multigene family and eight large subunits coded for by the rbcL gene in the plastome .
For synthesis of the Rubisco holoenzyme , both genes need to be expressed coordinately .
To investigate this molecular mechanism , protein synthesis of two subunits of Rubisco was characterized in transgenic rice ( Oryza sativa L ) plants with overexpression or antisense suppression of RBCS gene .
Total RBCS and rbcL mRNA levels and RBCS and RbcL synthesis simultaneously increased in RBCS-sense plants , although an increase in total RBCS mRNA level was greater .
In RBCS-antisense plants , the levels of these mRNAs and synthesis of the corresponding proteins declined to a similar extent .
The amount of RBCS synthesized was tightly correlated with rbcL mRNA level among genotypes but not associated with changes in mRNA levels of other major chloroplast-encoded photosynthetic genes .
The level of rbcL mRNA in turn was tightly correlated with the amount of RbcL synthesized , the molar ratio of RBCS synthesis to RbcL synthesis being identical irrespective of genotype .
Polysome loading of rbcL mRNA was not changed .
These results demonstrate that the availability of RBCS protein up-regulates gene expression of rbcL primarily at the transcript level in a quantitative manner for stoichiometric assembly of Rubisco holoenzyme .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 4.00 ]: Total RBCS and rbcL mRNA levels and RBCS and RbcL synthesis simultaneously increased in RBCS-sense plants , although an increase in total RBCS mRNA level was greater .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rubisco is composed of eight small subunits coded for by the nuclear RBCS multigene family and eight large subunits coded for by the rbcL gene in the plastome .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: To investigate this molecular mechanism , protein synthesis of two subunits of Rubisco was characterized in transgenic rice ( Oryza sativa L ) plants with overexpression or antisense suppression of RBCS gene .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: In RBCS-antisense plants , the levels of these mRNAs and synthesis of the corresponding proteins declined to a similar extent .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: The amount of RBCS synthesized was tightly correlated with rbcL mRNA level among genotypes but not associated with changes in mRNA levels of other major chloroplast-encoded photosynthetic genes .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: The level of rbcL mRNA in turn was tightly correlated with the amount of RbcL synthesized , the molar ratio of RBCS synthesis to RbcL synthesis being identical irrespective of genotype .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: These results demonstrate that the availability of RBCS protein up-regulates gene expression of rbcL primarily at the transcript level in a quantitative manner for stoichiometric assembly of Rubisco holoenzyme .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 8.00 |
|---|
| Title: Developmental characteristics and aluminum resistance of root border cells in rice seedlings .
| | Author: Cai M Zhang S Xing C Wang F Ning W Lei Z | | Journal: Plant Sci Citation: V : 180 P : 702-8 Year: 2011 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21421421 Accession (PMID): 21421421 | | Abstract: The developmental characteristics of root border cells ( RBCs ) and their role in protection of root apices of rice seedling from Al toxicity were evaluated in two rice ( Oryza sativa L ) cultivars differing in Al tolerance .
Root elongation and RBCs viability were used as indicators for Al effects .
The formation of RBCs and the emergence of the root tip occurred almost simultaneously .
Treatment of the root with Al inhibited root elongation and increased Al accumulation in the root tips .
Physical removal of RBCs from root tips resulted in a more severe inhibition of root elongation and a higher Al accumulation in the root tips .
These effects were more pronounced in the Al-sensitive rice cultivar ( II You 6216 ) than that in the Al-tolerant rice cultivar ( II You 838 ) .
The relative viability of attached and detached RBCs decreased with increasing Al concentrations .
Al also induced a thicker mucilage layer surrounding attached RBCs of both cultivars , and detached RBCs did not .
Maintaining the abundant live RBCs encapsulated root tip and enhancing their mucilage secretion , appear to be important in alleviating Al toxicity and in allowing exclusion of Al from the rice root apex | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 2.00 ]: Al also induced a thicker mucilage layer surrounding attached RBCs of both cultivars , and detached RBCs did not .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The developmental characteristics of root border cells ( RBCs ) and their role in protection of root apices of rice seedling from Al toxicity were evaluated in two rice ( Oryza sativa L ) cultivars differing in Al tolerance .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Root elongation and RBCs viability were used as indicators for Al effects .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The formation of RBCs and the emergence of the root tip occurred almost simultaneously .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Physical removal of RBCs from root tips resulted in a more severe inhibition of root elongation and a higher Al accumulation in the root tips .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: The relative viability of attached and detached RBCs decreased with increasing Al concentrations .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: Maintaining the abundant live RBCs encapsulated root tip and enhancing their mucilage secretion , appear to be important in alleviating Al toxicity and in allowing exclusion of Al from the rice root apex
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 8.00 |
|---|
| Title: Effect of individual suppression of RBCS multigene family on Rubisco contents in rice leaves .
| | Author: Ogawa S Suzuki Y Yoshizawa R Kanno K Makino A | | Journal: Plant Cell Environ Citation: V : 35 P : 546-53 Year: 2012 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21951138 Accession (PMID): 21951138 | | Abstract: In higher plants , a small subunit of Rubisco is encoded for by an RBCS multigene family in the nuclear genome .
However , it is unknown how each multigene member contributes to the accumulation of Rubisco holoenzyme .
Here , four RBCS genes that are highly expressed in leaf blaedes of rice ( Oryza sativa L ) were individually suppressed by RNAi , and the effects on leaf Rubisco content were examined at seedling , vegetative and reproductive stages .
Rubisco contents in each transgenic line declined irrespective of growth stage , and the ratios of Rubisco-N to total N were 66-96% of wild-type levels .
The mRNA levels of the suppressed RBCS genes declined significantly , whereas those of the unsuppressed ones did not change drastically .
These results indicate that four RBCS genes all contribute to accumulation of Rubisco holoenzyme irrespective of growth stage and that suppression of one RBCS gene is not fully compensated by other RBCS genes .
Additionally , the mRNA levels of the large subunit of Rubisco showed a change similar to that of total RBCS mRNA level irrespective of genotype and growth stage .
These results suggest that gene expression of RBCS and RBCL is regulated in a coordinated manner at the transcript level in rice .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 3.00 ]: These results indicate that four RBCS genes all contribute to accumulation of Rubisco holoenzyme irrespective of growth stage and that suppression of one RBCS gene is not fully compensated by other RBCS genes .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: In higher plants , a small subunit of Rubisco is encoded for by an RBCS multigene family in the nuclear genome .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Here , four RBCS genes that are highly expressed in leaf blaedes of rice ( Oryza sativa L ) were individually suppressed by RNAi , and the effects on leaf Rubisco content were examined at seedling , vegetative and reproductive stages .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The mRNA levels of the suppressed RBCS genes declined significantly , whereas those of the unsuppressed ones did not change drastically .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Additionally , the mRNA levels of the large subunit of Rubisco showed a change similar to that of total RBCS mRNA level irrespective of genotype and growth stage .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: These results suggest that gene expression of RBCS and RBCL is regulated in a coordinated manner at the transcript level in rice .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 7.00 |
|---|
| Title: The promoter of rbcS in a C3 plant ( rice ) directs organ-specific , light-dependent expression in a C4 plant ( maize ) , but does not confer bundle sheath cell-specific expression .
| | Author: Nomura M Katayama K Nishimura A Ishida Y Ohta S Komari T Miyao-Tokutomi M Tajima S Matsuoka M | | Journal: Plant Mol . Biol . Citation: V : 44 ( 1 ) P : 99-106 Year: 2000 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11094984 Accession (PMID): 11094984 | | Abstract: The small subunit of ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase ( Rubisco ) , encoded by rbcS , is essential for photosynthesis in both C3 and C4 plants , even though the cell specificity of rbcS expression is different between C3 and C4 plants .
The C3 rbcS is specifically expressed in mesophyll cells , while the C4 rbcS is expressed in bundle sheath cells , and not mesophyll cells .
Two chimeric genes were constructed consisting of the structural gene encoding beta-glucuronidase ( GUS ) controlled by the two promoters from maize ( C4 ) and rice ( C3 ) rbcS genes .
These constructs were introduced into a C4 plant , maize .
Both chimeric genes were specifically expressed in photosynthetic organs , such as leaf blade , but not in non-photosynthetic organs .
The expressions of the genes were also regulated by light .
However , the rice promoter drove the GUS activity mainly in mesophyll cells and relatively low in bundle sheath cells , while the maize rbcS promoter induced the activity specifically in bundle sheath cells .
These results suggest that the rice promoter contains some cis-acting elements responding in an organ-specific and light-inducible regulation manner in maize but does not contain element ( s ) for bundle sheath cell-specific expression , while the maize promoter does contain such element ( s ) .
Based on this result , we discuss the similarities and differences between the rice ( C3 ) and maize ( C4 ) rbcS promoter in terms of the evolution of the C4 photosynthetic gene . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 2.00 ]: The small subunit of ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase ( Rubisco ) , encoded by rbcS , is essential for photosynthesis in both C3 and C4 plants , even though the cell specificity of rbcS expression is different between C3 and C4 plants .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 2.00 ]: The C3 rbcS is specifically expressed in mesophyll cells , while the C4 rbcS is expressed in bundle sheath cells , and not mesophyll cells .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Two chimeric genes were constructed consisting of the structural gene encoding beta-glucuronidase ( GUS ) controlled by the two promoters from maize ( C4 ) and rice ( C3 ) rbcS genes .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: However , the rice promoter drove the GUS activity mainly in mesophyll cells and relatively low in bundle sheath cells , while the maize rbcS promoter induced the activity specifically in bundle sheath cells .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: Based on this result , we discuss the similarities and differences between the rice ( C3 ) and maize ( C4 ) rbcS promoter in terms of the evolution of the C4 photosynthetic gene .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 7.00 |
|---|
| Title: Isolation and characterization of a green it issue-specific promoter from pigeonpea [ Cajanus cajan ( L ) Millsp . ] .
| | Author: Panguluri SK Sridhar J Jagadish B Sharma PC Kumar PA .
| | Journal: Indian J Exp . Biol . Citation: V : 43 ( 4 ) P : 369-72 Year: 2005 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15875723 Accession (PMID): 15875723 | | Abstract: Expression of rbcS genes encoding small subunit of rubisco , most abundant protein in green it issue , is regulated by at least three parameters--tissue type , light conditions and stage of development .
One of the green it issue-specific promoters of rbcS gene family was isolated from pigeonpea by PCR .
Expression of uidA gene encoding beta-glucuronidase in the transgenic tobacco plants under the control of pigeonpea rbcS promoter , clearly showed that this promoter was as strong as pea rbcS3A promoter characterized earlier .
Study of the sequence similarity with pea rbcS3A promoter , especially the region ( boxes I and III ) that is required for rbcS3A expression , showed more than 50% divergence .
In contrast , pigeonpea promoter sequence isolated in the present study was more similar to that of spinach and rice rbcS promoters .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 2.00 ]: Expression of uidA gene encoding beta-glucuronidase in the transgenic tobacco plants under the control of pigeonpea rbcS promoter , clearly showed that this promoter was as strong as pea rbcS3A promoter characterized earlier .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 2.00 ]: Study of the sequence similarity with pea rbcS3A promoter , especially the region ( boxes I and III ) that is required for rbcS3A expression , showed more than 50% divergence .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Expression of rbcS genes encoding small subunit of rubisco , most abundant protein in green it issue , is regulated by at least three parameters--tissue type , light conditions and stage of development .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: One of the green it issue-specific promoters of rbcS gene family was isolated from pigeonpea by PCR .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: In contrast , pigeonpea promoter sequence isolated in the present study was more similar to that of spinach and rice rbcS promoters .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 7.00 |
|---|
| Title: Increased Rubisco Content in Transgenic Rice Transformed with the Sense rbcS Gene .
| | Author: Suzuki Y Ohkubo M Hatakeyama H Ohashi K Yoshizawa R Kojima S Hayakawa T Yamaya T Mae T Makino A | | Journal: Plant Cell Physiol .
Citation: V : 48 ( 4 ) P : 626-37 Year: 2007 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17379698 Accession (PMID): 17379698 | | Abstract: Rice ( Oryza sativa L ) plants with substantially increased Rubisco content were obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation with the rice rbcS sense gene under the control of the rice rbcS promoter .
The primary transformants were screened for the ratio of Rubisco to leaf-N content , and the transformants with >120% wild-type levels of Rubisco were selected .
In the progeny of the selected lines of the transformants , the mRNA levels of one member of the rbcS gene family were increased from 3 . 9 to 6 . 2-fold , whereas those of other members of the rbcS gene family were unchanged .
The total levels of rbcS mRNA were increased from 2 . 1 to 2 . 8-fold .
The levels of rbcL mRNA were increased from 1 . 2 to 1 . 9-fold .
Rubisco protein content was significantly increased by 30% on a leaf area basis .
The ratio of Rubisco-N to leaf-N was also increased by 10-20% , irrespective of N treatment .
The specific activity of Rubisco per unit of enzyme protein was not different .
However , light-saturated photosynthesis was not enhanced even when the rate was measured at low [ CO ( 2 ) ] where Rubisco becomes limiting for photosynthesis .
Some lines showed lower photosynthesis at high [ CO ( 2 ) ] ( >60 Pa ) .
We conclude that introduction of additional sense rbcS leads to overexpression of rbcS and that this overexpression slightly up-regulates the gene expression of rbcL at the transcript level and enhances the amount of Rubisco holoenzyme .
However , overproduction of Rubisco protein does not improve photosynthesis .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 2.00 ]: Rice ( Oryza sativa L ) plants with substantially increased Rubisco content were obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation with the rice rbcS sense gene under the control of the rice rbcS promoter .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 2.00 ]: In the progeny of the selected lines of the transformants , the mRNA levels of one member of the rbcS gene family were increased from 3 . 9 to 6 . 2-fold , whereas those of other members of the rbcS gene family were unchanged .
[ Sen. 11, subscore: 2.00 ]: We conclude that introduction of additional sense rbcS leads to overexpression of rbcS and that this overexpression slightly up-regulates the gene expression of rbcL at the transcript level and enhances the amount of Rubisco holoenzyme .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The total levels of rbcS mRNA were increased from 2 . 1 to 2 . 8-fold .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 6.00 |
|---|
| Title: [ Specific expression of the foreign gene regulated by the rice rbcS promoter in transgenic rice ] | | Author: Liu QQ Yu HX Zhang WJ Wang HM Gu MH .
| | Journal: Zhi Wu Sheng Li Yu Fen Zi Sheng Wu Xue Xue Bao Citation: V : 31 ( 3 ) P : 247-53 Year: 2005 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15961898 Accession (PMID): 15961898 | | Abstract: To use different types of promoters in transgenic rice research , the 5-upstream regulation region of rice Rubisco small subunit gene ( rbcS ) was cloned from a Chinese cultivar Wuyunjing 8 , and its sequences were confirmed by comparison with the known genome sequences of both japonica and indica rice .
The cloned rbcS promoter was fused to the 5-upstream of GUS ( beta-glucuronidase ) coding region in a binary vector , and introduced into rice by Agrogacterium-mediated transformation .
The integration of the rbcS-GUS fusion gene in transgenic rice was confirmed by PCR analysis .
The results of both histochemical staining and quantitative analysis of GUS activity showed that the expression level of GUS fusion gene was significantly stronger in leaf blade and sheath than in other organs of transgenic rice plants , and the GUS activity was restricted to the mesophyll cells of leaf it issue , which showed that the rice rbcS promoter could control not only the it issue but also the cell-specific expression of foreign genes in transgenic rice .
The present results also demonstrated that light induction had a significant effect on the enhancement of transgenes expression when regulated by the rice rbcS promoter in transgenic rice .
Our results showed that the rice rbcS promoter might be very useful for the expression of target genes in transgenic rice , with particularly high efficiency in leaf it issues .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: To use different types of promoters in transgenic rice research , the 5-upstream regulation region of rice Rubisco small subunit gene ( rbcS ) was cloned from a Chinese cultivar Wuyunjing 8 , and its sequences were confirmed by comparison with the known genome sequences of both japonica and indica rice .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The cloned rbcS promoter was fused to the 5-upstream of GUS ( beta-glucuronidase ) coding region in a binary vector , and introduced into rice by Agrogacterium-mediated transformation .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The integration of the rbcS-GUS fusion gene in transgenic rice was confirmed by PCR analysis .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The results of both histochemical staining and quantitative analysis of GUS activity showed that the expression level of GUS fusion gene was significantly stronger in leaf blade and sheath than in other organs of transgenic rice plants , and the GUS activity was restricted to the mesophyll cells of leaf it issue , which showed that the rice rbcS promoter could control not only the it issue but also the cell-specific expression of foreign genes in transgenic rice .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The present results also demonstrated that light induction had a significant effect on the enhancement of transgenes expression when regulated by the rice rbcS promoter in transgenic rice .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Our results showed that the rice rbcS promoter might be very useful for the expression of target genes in transgenic rice , with particularly high efficiency in leaf it issues .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 6.00 |
|---|
| Title: Functional incorporation of sorghum small subunit increases the catalytic turnover rate of Rubisco in transgenic rice .
| | Author: Ishikawa C Hatanaka T Misoo S Miyake C Fukayama H | | Journal: Plant Physiol Citation: V : 156 P : 1603-11 Year: 2011 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21562335 Accession (PMID): 21562335 | | Abstract: Rubisco limits photosynthetic CO ( 2 ) fixation because of its low catalytic turnover rate ( k ( cat ) ) and competing oxygenase reaction .
Previous attempts to improve the catalytic efficiency of Rubisco by genetic engineering have gained little progress .
Here we demonstrate that the introduction of the small subunit ( RbcS ) of high k ( cat ) Rubisco from the C ( 4 ) plant sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor ) significantly enhances k ( cat ) of Rubisco in transgenic rice ( Oryza sativa ) .
Three independent transgenic lines expressed sorghum RbcS at a high level , accounting for 30% , 44% , and 79% of the total RbcS .
Rubisco was likely present as a chimera of sorghum and rice RbcS , and showed 1 . 32 to 1 . 50-fold higher k ( cat ) than in nontransgenic rice .
Rubisco from transgenic lines showed a higher K ( m ) for CO ( 2 ) and slightly lower specificity for CO ( 2 ) than nontransgenic controls .
These results suggest that Rubisco in rice transformed with sorghum RbcS partially acquires the catalytic properties of sorghum Rubisco Rubisco content in transgenic lines was significantly increased over wild-type levels but Rubisco activation was slightly decreased .
The expression of sorghum RbcS did not affect CO ( 2 ) assimilation rates under a range of CO ( 2 ) partial pressures .
The J ( max ) /V ( cmax ) ratio was significantly lower in transgenic line compared to the nontransgenic plants .
These observations suggest that the capacity of electron transport is not sufficient to support the increased Rubisco capacity in transgenic rice .
Although the photosynthetic rate was not enhanced , the strategy presented here opens the way to engineering Rubisco for improvement of photosynthesis and productivity in the future .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 2.00 ]: Three independent transgenic lines expressed sorghum RbcS at a high level , accounting for 30% , 44% , and 79% of the total RbcS .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Here we demonstrate that the introduction of the small subunit ( RbcS ) of high k ( cat ) Rubisco from the C ( 4 ) plant sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor ) significantly enhances k ( cat ) of Rubisco in transgenic rice ( Oryza sativa ) .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rubisco was likely present as a chimera of sorghum and rice RbcS , and showed 1 . 32 to 1 . 50-fold higher k ( cat ) than in nontransgenic rice .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: These results suggest that Rubisco in rice transformed with sorghum RbcS partially acquires the catalytic properties of sorghum Rubisco Rubisco content in transgenic lines was significantly increased over wild-type levels but Rubisco activation was slightly decreased .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: The expression of sorghum RbcS did not affect CO ( 2 ) assimilation rates under a range of CO ( 2 ) partial pressures .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 5.00 |
|---|
| Title: [ Expression of the GUS fusion gene controlled by the tomato rbcS3A promoter in transgenic rice ] | | Author: Liu QQ Yu HX Zhang WJ Gong ZY Gu MH | | Journal: Zhi Wu Sheng Li Yu Fen Zi Sheng Wu Xue Xue Bao Citation: V : 33 P : 251-7 Year: 2007 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17556813 Accession (PMID): 17556813 | | Abstract: To use different types of promoters in transgenic rice research , the 1 . 1 kb 5-upstream regulation region of one of the tomato ( Solanum tuberosum L ) Rubisco small subunit gene , rbcS3A , was cloned and its sequences were confirmed by comparison with the known sequences in GenBank .
The cloned rbcS3A promoter was fused to the 5-upstream of GUS ( beta-glucuronidase ) coding region in a binary vector , and introduced into an elite japonica rice variety by Agrogacterium-mediated transformation .
The integration of the GUS fusion gene into the genome of transgenic rice was confirmed by both PCR and Southern blot analysis .
The results of both histochemical staining and quantitative analysis of GUS activity showed that the expression level of GUS fusion gene was significantly stronger in stem , leaf blade and sheath than in other organs of transgenic rice plants , and showed highest in the stem , which implies that the tomato rbcS3A promoter can make it issue-specific , in particular in the stem , expression of foreign genes in transgenic rice .
The results present here also demonstrate that light induction had no effect on the expression of the foreign gene when regulated by the tomato rbcS3A promoter in transgenic rice .
Our results show that the cloned tomato rbcS3A promoter might be very useful for the expression of target genes in transgenic rice , with particularly high efficiency in stem it issues .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: To use different types of promoters in transgenic rice research , the 1 . 1 kb 5-upstream regulation region of one of the tomato ( Solanum tuberosum L ) Rubisco small subunit gene , rbcS3A , was cloned and its sequences were confirmed by comparison with the known sequences in GenBank .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The cloned rbcS3A promoter was fused to the 5-upstream of GUS ( beta-glucuronidase ) coding region in a binary vector , and introduced into an elite japonica rice variety by Agrogacterium-mediated transformation .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The results of both histochemical staining and quantitative analysis of GUS activity showed that the expression level of GUS fusion gene was significantly stronger in stem , leaf blade and sheath than in other organs of transgenic rice plants , and showed highest in the stem , which implies that the tomato rbcS3A promoter can make it issue-specific , in particular in the stem , expression of foreign genes in transgenic rice .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The results present here also demonstrate that light induction had no effect on the expression of the foreign gene when regulated by the tomato rbcS3A promoter in transgenic rice .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Our results show that the cloned tomato rbcS3A promoter might be very useful for the expression of target genes in transgenic rice , with particularly high efficiency in stem it issues .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 5.00 |
|---|
| Title: Metabolome analysis of photosynthesis and the related primary metabolites in the leaves of transgenic rice plants with increased or decreased Rubisco content .
| | Author: Suzuki Y Fujimori T Kanno K Sasaki A Ohashi Y Makino A | | Journal: Plant Cell Environ Citation: V : 35 P : 1369-79 Year: 2012 Type: In-Data-Review | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22321318 Accession (PMID): 22321318 | | Abstract: Because the comprehensive effects on metabolism by genetic manipulation of leaf Rubisco content are unknown , metabolome analysis was carried out on transgenic rice plants with increased or decreased Rubisco content using the capillary electrophoresis-time-of-flight mass spectrometry ( CE-TOFMS ) technique .
In RBCS-sense plants , an increase in Rubisco content did not improve light-saturated photosynthesis .
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and sedoheputulose 7-phosphate levels increased , but ribulose bisphosphate ( RuBP ) , ATP and ADP levels were not affected .
It is considered from these results that RuBP regeneration independent of ATP supply became a bottleneck for photosynthesis .
In RBCS-antisense plants , a decline in Rubisco content decreased photosynthesis with a substantial accumulation of RuBP .
ATP and ADP levels also increased and were associated with increases in the diphosphate and triphosphate compounds of other nucleosides .
These results imply that a decline in Rubisco content slowed down the Calvin cycle and that the resultant excess energy of ATP was transferred to other nucleoside diphosphates and triphosphates .
The levels of amino acids tended to decline in RBCS-sense plants and increase in RBCS-antisense plants , probably reflecting the demand for Rubisco synthesis .
Starch and carbohydrate levels decreased only in RBCS-antisense plants .
Thus , genetic manipulation of Rubisco contents widely affected C and N metabolism in rice .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 2.00 ]: The levels of amino acids tended to decline in RBCS-sense plants and increase in RBCS-antisense plants , probably reflecting the demand for Rubisco synthesis .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: In RBCS-sense plants , an increase in Rubisco content did not improve light-saturated photosynthesis .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: In RBCS-antisense plants , a decline in Rubisco content decreased photosynthesis with a substantial accumulation of RuBP .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: Starch and carbohydrate levels decreased only in RBCS-antisense plants .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 5.00 |
|---|
| Title: Changes in growth CO2 result in rapid adjustments of ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase small subunit gene expression in expanding and mature leaves of rice | | Author: Gesch RW Boote KJ Vu JC Hartwell Allen Jr L Bowes G | | Journal: Citation: V : 118 ( 2 ) P : 521-9 Year: 1998 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub9765537 Accession (PMID): 9765537 | | Abstract: The accumulation of soluble carbohydrates resulting from growth under elevated CO2 may potentially signal the repression of gene activity for the small subunit of ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase ( rbcS ) .
To test this hypothesis we grew rice ( Oryza sativa L ) under ambient ( 350 &mgr ; L L-1 ) and high ( 700 &mgr ; L L-1 ) CO2 in outdoor , sunlit , environment-controlled chambers and performed a cross-switching of growth CO2 concentration at the late-vegetative phase .
Within 24 h , plants switched to high CO2 showed a 15% and 23% decrease in rbcS mRNA , whereas plants switched to ambient CO2 increased 27% and 11% in expanding and mature leaves , respectively .
Ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase total activity and protein content 8 d after the switch increased up to 27% and 20% , respectively , in plants switched to ambient CO2 , but changed very little in plants switched to high CO2 .
Plants maintained at high CO2 showed greater carbohydrate pool sizes and lower rbcS transcript levels than plants kept at ambient CO2 .
However , after switching growth CO2 concentration , there was not a simple correlation between carbohydrate and rbcS transcript levels .
We conclude that although carbohydrates may be important in the regulation of rbcS expression , changes in total pool size alone could not predict the rapid changes in expression that we observed . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The accumulation of soluble carbohydrates resulting from growth under elevated CO2 may potentially signal the repression of gene activity for the small subunit of ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase ( rbcS ) .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Within 24 h , plants switched to high CO2 showed a 15% and 23% decrease in rbcS mRNA , whereas plants switched to ambient CO2 increased 27% and 11% in expanding and mature leaves , respectively .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Plants maintained at high CO2 showed greater carbohydrate pool sizes and lower rbcS transcript levels than plants kept at ambient CO2 .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: However , after switching growth CO2 concentration , there was not a simple correlation between carbohydrate and rbcS transcript levels .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: We conclude that although carbohydrates may be important in the regulation of rbcS expression , changes in total pool size alone could not predict the rapid changes in expression that we observed .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 4.00 |
|---|
| Title: Changes in the synthesis of rubisco in rice leaves in relation to senescence and N influx .
| | Author: Imai K Suzuki Y Mae T Makino A | | Journal: Ann Bot ( Lond ) Citation: V : 101 P : 135-44 Year: 2008 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17965028 Accession (PMID): 17965028 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS : The amount of ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase ( Rubisco , EC 4 . 1 . 1 . 39 ) synthesized in a leaf is closely correlated with N influx into the leaf throughout its lifetime .
Rubisco synthesis and N influx are most active in the young leaf during expansion , but are very limited in the senescent leaf .
However , it is not established whether Rubisco synthesis can be observed if N influx is increased , even in a very senescent leaf .
This study first investigated changes in the relationships between rbcS and rbcL mRNA contents and Rubisco synthesis per unit of leaf mass with leaf senescence .
Next , leaves were removed during late senescence , to examine whether Rubisco synthesis is re-stimulated in very senescent leaves by an increase in N influx .
METHODS : Different N concentrations ( 1 and 4 mm ) were supplied to Oryza sativa plants at the early ( full expansion ) , middle and late stages ( respectively 8 and 16 d after full expansion ) of senescence of the eighth leaf .
To enhance N influx into the eighth leaf 16 d after full expansion , all leaf blades on the main stem , except for the eighth leaf , and all tillers were removed and plants received 4 mm N ( removal treatment ) .
KEY RESULTS : Rubisco synthesis , rbcS and rbcL mRNAs and the translational efficiencies of rbcS and rbcL mRNAs decreased with leaf senescence irrespective of N treatments .
However , in the removal treatment at the late stage , they increased more strongly with an increase in N influx than in intact plants .
CONCLUSIONS : Although Rubisco synthesis and rbcS and rbcL mRNAs decrease with leaf senescence , leaves at the late stage of senescence have the potential actively to synthesize Rubisco with an increase in N influx .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 2.00 ]: KEY RESULTS : Rubisco synthesis , rbcS and rbcL mRNAs and the translational efficiencies of rbcS and rbcL mRNAs decreased with leaf senescence irrespective of N treatments .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: This study first investigated changes in the relationships between rbcS and rbcL mRNA contents and Rubisco synthesis per unit of leaf mass with leaf senescence .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: CONCLUSIONS : Although Rubisco synthesis and rbcS and rbcL mRNAs decrease with leaf senescence , leaves at the late stage of senescence have the potential actively to synthesize Rubisco with an increase in N influx .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 4.00 |
|---|
| Title: Differences in expression of the RBCS multigene family and rubisco protein content in various rice plant it issues at different growth stages .
| | Author: Suzuki Y Nakabayashi K Yoshizawa R Mae T Makino A | | Journal: Plant Cell Physiol Citation: V : 50 P : 1851-5 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19720627 Accession (PMID): 19720627 | | Abstract: Four out of five members of the RBCS multigene family ( OsRBCS2-OsRBCS5 ) were highly expressed in leaf blades of rice ( Oryza sativa L ) irrespective of plant growth stage , whereas accumulation of all RBCS mRNAs in leaf sheaths , roots and developing spikelets was quite low .
A highly positive correlation was observed between total RBCS and RBCL mRNA levels and Rubisco content at their maxima , irrespective of it issue and growth stage .
The results indicate that the total RBCS mRNA level may be a primary determinant for maximal Rubisco protein content and that Rubisco gene expression is well coordinated through the whole life of rice .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 2.00 ]: Four out of five members of the RBCS multigene family ( OsRBCS2-OsRBCS5 ) were highly expressed in leaf blades of rice ( Oryza sativa L ) irrespective of plant growth stage , whereas accumulation of all RBCS mRNAs in leaf sheaths , roots and developing spikelets was quite low .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: A highly positive correlation was observed between total RBCS and RBCL mRNA levels and Rubisco content at their maxima , irrespective of it issue and growth stage .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The results indicate that the total RBCS mRNA level may be a primary determinant for maximal Rubisco protein content and that Rubisco gene expression is well coordinated through the whole life of rice .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 3.00 |
|---|
| Title: Red blood cell senescence and neocytolysis in humans after high altitude acclimatization .
| | Author: Risso A Turello M Biffoni F Antonutto G | | Journal: Blood Cells Mol . Dis . Citation: V : 38 ( 2 ) P : 83-92 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17188915 Accession (PMID): 17188915 | | Abstract: A selective lysis of relatively young erythrocytes ( neocytolysis ) , together with a decrease of erythropoietin ( EPO ) production , has been described in polycythemic , high altitude acclimatized climbers , after descent to sea level , and in astronauts , soon after exposure to weightlessness ( Alfrey CP , Rice L , Udden MM , Driscoll TB .
Neocytolysis may represent the physiological down-regulation of red-cell mass .
Lancet 349 ( 1997 ) 1389-90 ) .
To study neocytolysis , we analysed blood samples drawn from 4 mountain climbers at sea level before and after 53 days of high altitude acclimatization ( > or = 4500 m ) .
After a 6-day descent to sea level , erythropoietin ( EPO ) plasma levels were lower than before high altitude acclimatization ( mean values : 2 . 5+/-3 . 3 versus 10+/-4 . 5 mIU/ml , p < 0 . 05 ) .
Red blood cell ( RBC ) populations were separated into low , middle and high density subsets , which , by physical and phenotypical criteria , were characterized as young , middle-aged and old .
RBC membrane molecules CD55 and CD59 along with phosphatydylserine and CD47 were measured .
The former are partially lost during RBC aging .
The latter are involved in the triggering or inhibition of RBC phagocytosis by macrophages .
Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were done on each density subset .
Young and middle-aged RBCs largely disappeared after descent from high altitude ( from 4 . 50% ( +/-3 . 10 ) and 66% ( +/-6 . 90 ) to 0 . 19% ( +/-0 . 07 ) and 1 . 90% ( +/-0 . 50 ) , respectively ) .
Simultaneously , there was a dramatic increase of high density RBCs ( from 29 . 50% ( +/-7 ) to 97 . 90% ( +/-2 . 00 ) ) .
Furthermore , the remaining young and middle-aged RBCs had acquired a senescent-like phenotype , which may account for their increased susceptibility to phagocytosis .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 11, subscore: 1.00 ]: Young and middle-aged RBCs largely disappeared after descent from high altitude ( from 4 . 50% ( +/-3 . 10 ) and 66% ( +/-6 . 90 ) to 0 . 19% ( +/-0 . 07 ) and 1 . 90% ( +/-0 . 50 ) , respectively ) .
[ Sen. 12, subscore: 1.00 ]: Simultaneously , there was a dramatic increase of high density RBCs ( from 29 . 50% ( +/-7 ) to 97 . 90% ( +/-2 . 00 ) ) .
[ Sen. 13, subscore: 1.00 ]: Furthermore , the remaining young and middle-aged RBCs had acquired a senescent-like phenotype , which may account for their increased susceptibility to phagocytosis .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 3.00 |
|---|
| Title: Impact of arsenic in foodstuffs on the people living in the arsenic-affected areas of West Bengal , India .
| | Author: Mandal BK Suzuki KT Anzai K | | Journal: J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng Citation: V : 42 P : 1741-52 Year: 2007 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17952775 Accession (PMID): 17952775 | | Abstract: Although the accumulation of arsenic ( As ) in human blood is linked with some diseases and with occupational exposure , there are few reports on speciation of As in blood .
On the basis of our earlier article , elevated level of arsenicals in human urine and blood were found in the ex-exposed population via As-containing drinking water .
The aim of the present study was to get an insight on impact of As in foodstuffs on the people living in the As-affected areas .
Moreover , speciation of arsenicals in urine , and water-samples found in arsenobetaine ( AsB ) .
Since sampling population ( n=25 ) was not taking any seafood , As in foodstuffs was thought to be the prime source for this discrepancy .
So , speciation of methanol extract of freeze-dried red blood cells ( RBCs ) and foodstuffs , and trichloro acetic acid ( TCA ) treated plasma by high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled argon plasma mass spectrometer ( HPLC-ICP MS ) collected from the study population ( n=33 ) was carried out to support our hypothesis .
Results showed that urine contained AsB ( 1 . 7% ) , arsenite ( iAs ( III ) ) ( 14 . 3 ) , arsenate ( iAs ( V ) ) ( 4 . 9 ) , monomethylarsonous acid ( MMA ( III ) ) ( 0 . 64 ) , monomethylarsonic acid ( MMA ( V ) ) ( 13 . 6 ) , dimethylarsinous acid ( DMA ( III ) ) ( 7 . 7 ) , and dimethylarsinic acid ( DMA ( V ) ) ( 65 . 4 ) .
Blood contained 21 . 3 microg L ( - 1 ) ( mean ) As and of which 27 . 3% was in plasma and 72 . 7% in RBCs .
RBCs contained AsB ( 21 . 6% ) and DMA ( V ) ( 78 . 4 ) and blood plasma contained AsB ( 12 . 4% ) , iAs ( III ) ( 25 . 9 ) , MMA ( V ) ( 30 . 3 ) , and DMA ( V ) ( 31 . 4 ) .
Furthermore , speciation of As in foodstuffs showed that most of them contained AsB ( 3 . 54-25 . 81 microg kg ( - 1 ) ) ( 25 . 81-312 . 44 microg kg ( - 1 ) ) along with iAs ( III ) ( 9 . 62-194 . 93 ) , iAs ( V ) ( 17 . 63-78 . 33 ) , MMA ( V ) ( 9 . 47-73 . 22 ) and DMA ( V ) ( 13 . 43-101 . 15 ) that supported the presence of AsB and elevated As in urine and blood samples of the present study group .
Inorganic As ( iAs ) predominates in rice ( 67 . 17-86 . 62% ) and in spices ( 40-90 . 35% ) , respectively over organic As .
So , As in the food chain is a real threat to human health .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: So , speciation of methanol extract of freeze-dried red blood cells ( RBCs ) and foodstuffs , and trichloro acetic acid ( TCA ) treated plasma by high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled argon plasma mass spectrometer ( HPLC-ICP MS ) collected from the study population ( n=33 ) was carried out to support our hypothesis .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Blood contained 21 . 3 microg L ( - 1 ) ( mean ) As and of which 27 . 3% was in plasma and 72 . 7% in RBCs .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: RBCs contained AsB ( 21 . 6% ) and DMA ( V ) ( 78 . 4 ) and blood plasma contained AsB ( 12 . 4% ) , iAs ( III ) ( 25 . 9 ) , MMA ( V ) ( 30 . 3 ) , and DMA ( V ) ( 31 . 4 ) .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 3.00 |
|---|
| Title: Rubisco content and photosynthesis of leaves at different positions in transgenic rice with an overexpression of RBCS .
| | Author: Suzuki Y Miyamoto T Yoshizawa R Mae T Makino A | | Journal: Plant Cell Environ Citation: V : 32 P : 417-27 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19183297 Accession (PMID): 19183297 | | Abstract: As ribulose 1 . 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase ( Rubisco ) activity limits light-saturated photosynthesis under present atmospheric condition , the effects of an overexpression of RBCSon Rubisco content and photosynthesis were examined in the leaves at different positions in rice ( Oryza sativa L ) .
Rubisco content in the transformant was significantly greater in the uppermost , fully expanded leaves but decreased to levels similar to those in wild-type plants in the lower leaves .
The mRNA levels of total RBCS and rbcL in these leaves were much less than those in the expanding leaves , where Rubisco synthesis is active , suggesting commensurately low level of synthesis .
Although the activation state of Rubisco was lower in the uppermost , fully expanded leaves of the transformant , it recovered to its full level in the lower leaves .
As a result , the photosynthetic rate did not differ in leaves at the same position between the transformant and the wild type .
Similarly , whole plant biomass did not differ between these genotypes .
Thus , we conclude that although the overexpression of RBCS led to an enhancement of Rubisco protein content in the uppermost , fully expanded leaves , it does not result in increased photosynthetic rates or plant biomass , because of an apparent down-regulation in its activation state .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: As ribulose 1 . 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase ( Rubisco ) activity limits light-saturated photosynthesis under present atmospheric condition , the effects of an overexpression of RBCSon Rubisco content and photosynthesis were examined in the leaves at different positions in rice ( Oryza sativa L ) .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The mRNA levels of total RBCS and rbcL in these leaves were much less than those in the expanding leaves , where Rubisco synthesis is active , suggesting commensurately low level of synthesis .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Thus , we conclude that although the overexpression of RBCS led to an enhancement of Rubisco protein content in the uppermost , fully expanded leaves , it does not result in increased photosynthetic rates or plant biomass , because of an apparent down-regulation in its activation state .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 3.00 |
|---|
| Title: Chloroplast-targeted expression of synthetic cry1Ac in transgenic rice as an alternative strategy for increased pest protection .
| | Author: Kim EH Suh SC Park BS Shin KS Kweon SJ Han EJ Park SH Kim YS Kim JK | | Journal: Planta Citation: V : P : Year: 2009 Type: Publisher | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19484258 Accession (PMID): 19484258 | | Abstract: To increase insect resistance in transgenic rice plants , a synthetic truncated cry1Ac gene was linked to the rice rbcS promoter and its transit peptide sequence ( tp ) for chloroplast-targeted expression .
Several transgenic lines were generated by the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method and the expression levels of the transgene were compared with untargeted expression .
Use of the rbcS-tp sequence increased the cry1Ac transcript and protein levels by 25 and 100-fold , respectively , with the accumulated protein in chloroplasts comprising up to 2% of the total soluble proteins .
The high level of cry1Ac expression resulted in high levels of plant resistance to three common rice pests , rice leaf folder , rice green caterpillar , and rice skipper , as evidenced by insect feeding assays .
Transgenic plants were also evaluated for resistance to natural infestations by rice leaf folder under field conditions .
Throughout the entire period of plant growth , the transgenic plants showed no symptoms of damage , whereas nontransgenic control plants were severely damaged by rice leaf folders .
Our results demonstrate that the targeting of cry1Ac protein to the chloroplast using the rbcS : tp system confers a high level of plant protection to insects , thus providing an alternative strategy for crop insect management .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: To increase insect resistance in transgenic rice plants , a synthetic truncated cry1Ac gene was linked to the rice rbcS promoter and its transit peptide sequence ( tp ) for chloroplast-targeted expression .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Use of the rbcS-tp sequence increased the cry1Ac transcript and protein levels by 25 and 100-fold , respectively , with the accumulated protein in chloroplasts comprising up to 2% of the total soluble proteins .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Our results demonstrate that the targeting of cry1Ac protein to the chloroplast using the rbcS : tp system confers a high level of plant protection to insects , thus providing an alternative strategy for crop insect management .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 3.00 |
|---|
| Title: Posttranscriptional Control of Photosynthetic mRNA Decay under Stress Conditions Requires 3 and 5 Untranslated Regions and Correlates with Differential Polysome Association in Rice .
| | Author: Park SH Chung PJ Juntawong P Bailey-Serres J Kim YS Jung H Bang SW Kim YK Do Choi Y Kim JK | | Journal: Plant Physiol Citation: V : 159 P : 1111-24 Year: 2012 Type: In-Data-Review | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22566494 Accession (PMID): 22566494 | | Abstract: Abiotic stress , including drought , salinity , and temperature extremes , regulates gene expression at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels .
Expression profiling of total messenger RNAs ( mRNAs ) from rice ( Oryza sativa ) leaves grown under stress conditions revealed that the transcript levels of photosynthetic genes are reduced more rapidly than others , a phenomenon referred to as stress-induced mRNA decay ( SMD ) .
By comparing RNA polymerase II engagement with the steady-state mRNA level , we show here that SMD is a posttranscriptional event .
The SMD of photosynthetic genes was further verified by measuring the half-lives of the small subunit of Rubisco ( RbcS1 ) and Chlorophyll a/b-Binding Protein1 ( Cab1 ) mRNAs during stress conditions in the presence of the transcription inhibitor cordycepin .
To discern any correlation between SMD and the process of translation , changes in total and polysome-associated mRNA levels after stress were measured .
Total and polysome-associated mRNA levels of two photosynthetic ( RbcS1 and Cab1 ) and two stress-inducible ( Dehydration Stress-Inducible Protein1 and Salt-Induced Protein ) genes were found to be markedly similar .
This demonstrated the importance of polysome association for transcript stability under stress conditions .
Microarray experiments performed on total and polysomal mRNAs indicate that approximately half of all mRNAs that undergo SMD remain polysome associated during stress treatments .
To delineate the functional determinant ( s ) of mRNAs responsible for SMD , the RbcS1 and Cab1 transcripts were dissected into several components .
The expressions of different combinations of the mRNA components were analyzed under stress conditions , revealing that both 3 and 5 untranslated regions are necessary for SMD .
Our results , therefore , suggest that the posttranscriptional control of photosynthetic mRNA decay under stress conditions requires both 3 and 5 untranslated regions and correlates with differential polysome association .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The SMD of photosynthetic genes was further verified by measuring the half-lives of the small subunit of Rubisco ( RbcS1 ) and Chlorophyll a/b-Binding Protein1 ( Cab1 ) mRNAs during stress conditions in the presence of the transcription inhibitor cordycepin .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Total and polysome-associated mRNA levels of two photosynthetic ( RbcS1 and Cab1 ) and two stress-inducible ( Dehydration Stress-Inducible Protein1 and Salt-Induced Protein ) genes were found to be markedly similar .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: To delineate the functional determinant ( s ) of mRNAs responsible for SMD , the RbcS1 and Cab1 transcripts were dissected into several components .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 3.00 |
|---|
| Title: The promoters of two carboxylases in a C4 plant ( maize ) direct cell-specific , light-regulated expression in a C3 plant ( rice ) .
| | Author: Matsuoka M Kyozuka J Shimamoto K Kano-Murakami Y | | Journal: Plant J Citation: V : 6 ( 3 ) P : 311-9 Year: 1994 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub7920719 Accession (PMID): 7920719 | | Abstract: C4 plants have two carboxylases which function in photosynthesis .
One , phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase ( PEPC ) is localized in mesophyll cells , and the other , ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase ( RuBPC ) is found in bundle sheath cells .
In contrast , C3 plants have only one photosynthetic carboxylase , RuBPC , which is localized in mesophyll cells .
The expression of PEPC in C3 mesophyll cells is quite low relative to PEPC expression in C4 mesophyll cells .
Two chimeric genes have been constructed consisting of the structural gene encoding beta-glucuronidase ( GUS ) controlled by two promoters from C4 ( maize ) photosynthetic genes : ( i ) the PEPC gene ( pepc ) and ( ii ) the small subunit of RuBPC ( rbcS ) .
These constructs were introduced into a C3 cereal , rice .
Both chimeric genes were expressed almost exclusively in mesophyll cells in the leaf blades and leaf sheaths at high levels , and no or very little activity was observed in other cells .
The expression of both genes was also regulated by light .
These observations indicate that the regulation systems which direct cell-specific and light-inducible expression of pepc and rbcS in C4 plants are also present in C3 plants .
Nevertheless , expression of endogenous pepc in C3 plants is very low in C3 mesophyll cells , and the cell specificity of rbcS expression in C3 plants differs from that in C4 plants .
Rice nuclear extracts were assayed for DNA-binding protein ( s ) which interact with a cis-regulatory element in the pepc promoter .
Gel-retardation assays indicate that a nuclear protein with similar DNA-binding specificity to a maize nuclear protein is present in rice . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS ) | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Two chimeric genes have been constructed consisting of the structural gene encoding beta-glucuronidase ( GUS ) controlled by two promoters from C4 ( maize ) photosynthetic genes : ( i ) the PEPC gene ( pepc ) and ( ii ) the small subunit of RuBPC ( rbcS ) .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: These observations indicate that the regulation systems which direct cell-specific and light-inducible expression of pepc and rbcS in C4 plants are also present in C3 plants .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: Nevertheless , expression of endogenous pepc in C3 plants is very low in C3 mesophyll cells , and the cell specificity of rbcS expression in C3 plants differs from that in C4 plants .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
